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  1. The strength of the U.S. dollar is attributed to U.S. economic health, interest rates, safe-haven status, and global reserve currency. The strong U.S. economy, which is currently stronger than many other major economies, makes the dollar more attractive to investors around the world. The U.S. Federal Reserve has raised interest rates to combat inflation, this attracts many foreign investors to seek higher returns, which increases demand for the dollar. The U.S. dollar is considered as a safe-haven currency for investors, who flock to the dollar when other markets are volatile. The dollar’s status as the world’s primary reserve currency is widely used in international trade and finance, further bolstering its strength. These factors combined have contributed to the dollar’s recent strength against other major currencies.
  2. A strong dollar can attract foreign investment into U.S. assets, such as stocks and bonds, as investors seek stability and higher returns. It also helps lower inflation, which brings cheaper imports that can help lower costs for imported goods and lower prices for consumers.
  3. The U.S. dollar, which has been the dominant reserve currency, plays a crucial role in the global economy. It is widely trusted as a store of value, and comprises 60% of globally disclosed official foreign reserves, surpassing other currencies like the euro, yen, and pound. A stronger dollar can boost demand for products worldwide, benefiting both domestic and foreign companies. However, it can also negatively affect low-income countries with dollar-denominated debt.
  4. The U.S. economy is a complex machine fueled by various industries. The Professional and Business Services sector, which includes legal, consulting, design, and administrative services sector, contributes $3.5 trillion to the economy. The Real Estate, Rental, and Leasing sector, encompassing property management, leasing, and sales, has a value of $3.3 trillion. The Manufacturing sector, despite declining shares, still matters; durable goods (like metals and computers) contribute $1.6 trillion, while nondurable goods (such as food and chemicals) add $1.3 trillion1. The combined Healthcare, Education, and Social Assistance sector, which includes hospitals, schools, and social services, accounts for $2.3 trillion. The Finance and Insurance with a value of $2.0 trillion plays a crucial role in the economy. The Wholesale and Retail Trade sector, which involves buying, selling, and distributing goods contribute $1.7 trillion and $1.5 trillion, respectively. The Information industry, including tech and media, adds $1.5 trillion. The Arts, Entertainment, Recreation, Accommodation, and Food Services sector, collectively, contribute $1.2 trillion. The Construction sector, valued at $1.1 trillion, builds the U.S. infrastructure. Other Private Industries sector contributes a total of $2.6 trillion to the economy.
  5. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) defines the official unemployment rate as the number of active job seekers divided by the labor force. Active job seekers are individuals who are not working and have submitted a job application at least once in the past four weeks; as of June 2024, the unemployment rate in the US was 4.1%.
  6. The Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (CPI-U), produced by the BLS, is a common measure of inflation. It reflects the price paid by urban consumers for a representative basket of goods and services. Inflation measures the increase in prices over time. In May 2024, prices had increased by 3.3 percent compared to May 2023 according to the 12-month percentage change in the consumer price index — the monthly inflation rate for goods and services in the United States.
  7. In 2023 the federal government collected around $4.44 trillion in revenue and spent $6.13 trillion, the deficit for FY23 was $1.70 trillion. From the 2018 to 2021 fiscal years, the government collected $14.3 trillion in revenue, and spent $21.9 trillion. In that time, mandatory spending on programs such as Social Security and Medicare totaled $14.7 trillion alone. Discretionary spending totaled about $5.8 trillion. During Trump administration, tax cuts added roughly another $1 trillion to the federal deficit from 2018 to 2021, even after factoring in economic growth spurred by the tax cuts. The first coronavirus stimulus package, which received near unanimous support in Congress, added $2 trillion to the deficit over the next two fiscal years. Three additional spending measures contending with Covid-19 and its economic ramifications added another $1.4 trillion.
  8. In the United States, the middle class took home approximately 43 percent of all income.
  9. In New York, while banks earn billions of dollars in profits, 40 percent of their bank tellers are on some form of public aid like food stamps.
  10. Around 51 percent of all American workers make less than $30,000 a year.
  11. The trade fight between the United States and China is reordering the global supply chain and Vietnam could stand to be a winner for investors.
  12. One out of every seven American people has at least 10 credit cards.
  13. Approximate 40 percent of all working age Americans either have medical bill problems or are currently paying off medical debt.
  14. Today around 48.8 percent of all 25-year-old Americans and approximate 19 percent of all American men between the ages of 25 and 34 still live at home with their parents.
  15. The Great Recession was a period of marked general decline, i.e. a recession, observed in national economies globally that occurred between 2007 and 2009. The causes of this Great Recession include a combination of vulnerabilities that developed in the financial system, along with housing prices falling in the U.S. and homeowners abandoning their mortgages, and the value of mortgage-backed securities held by investment banks collapsed; the household net worth, which reflects the value of both stock markets and housing prices, fell $11.5 trillion (17.3%) and did not regain its pre-recession level of $66.4 trillion until Q3 2012.
  16. Both China and India designate as developing countries - which are the countries with a less developed industrial base and a low human development index relative to other countries - even though they are ranked by the International Monetary Fund as the world's second and fifth largest economies. Developing countries tend to have some characteristics in common often due to low levels of access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene; energy poverty; high levels of pollution; widespread poverty; low education levels, discriminations against people; corruption at all government levels; and a lack of so-called good governance.
  17. One of the purposes of manipulation of currency is to weaken currency. In order to manipulate currency the country sells its own currency and buys foreign currency – usually U.S. dollars. Following the laws of supply and demand, the result is that the manipulating country reduces the demand for its own currency while increasing the demand for foreign currencies. The International Monetary Foundation (IMF) and the World Trade Organization (WTO) have provisions prohibiting the use of currency manipulation to gain trade advantages.
  18. As of May 2018, about 41 American million people live in poverty, of which 18.5 million of them in extreme poverty and over 550,000 people are homeless in America. African Americans are almost 2.5 times more likely than whites to live in poverty and their unemployment rate is more than double.
  19. The World's Top 10 Economies are United States, China, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, India, France, Brazil, Italy, and Canada.
  20. The U.S. economy loses its spot as the number one economy to China when measured in terms of GDP based on PPP; as of October 2017, China’s GDP based on PPP is $23.19 trillion exceeds the U.S. GDP of $19.42 trillion. However, the U.S. is way ahead of China in terms of GDP per capita, in which, the U.S. economy is approximately $59,609 versus $16,676 in China.
  21. Based on the 2017 Index of Economic Freedom Hong Kong, with its extremely low tax rates, minimal regulations on businesses, and highly capitalist system of economics, ranks as 89.8% economically free, which is the highest rating in the world. Singapore, which imposes no tariffs, and there are few restrictions on investments, ranks second and is 88.6% free. New Zealand and Switzerland are ranked in the top 4 segment, having 83.7% and 81.5% free economies, respectively. Australia, which ranks fifth as 81.0% free, has very low tariffs and strong private property rights. The U.S., featuring the world's most advanced financial markets, is 75.1% economically free as of 2017. The bottom 5 countries with little to no free market economies include North Korea, Venezuela, Cuba, Republic of Congo, and Eritrea.
  22. As of November 2016, there are around 58 million Americans collecting Social Security benefits. In 2015, 49.2 million people received Old-Age and Survivors Insurance (OASI) benefits, 10.8 million received Disability Insurance (DI) benefits, and 55.3 million were covered under Medicare.
  23. As of October 2016, the total amount of debt in the United States (government debt + business debt + consumer debt, etc.) is over $56 trillion; it was less than $2 trillion in 1970.
  24. The strong signs of economic crisis include massive layoffs; non affordable accommodation surplus; halt or cancellation of construction activities; real estate value dips; restructuring or closure of  businesses; retail, travel, hospitality and technology falling; and fall in oil prices.
  25. As of October 2016 the population of Dubai, the most populous city in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), is around 2.643 million, of which approximate 85% is Asian (chiefly Indian, Pakistani, Filipino, Bangladeshi and Sri Lankan); about 25% of the total Dubai population has Iranian origin.
  26. Norway's Government Pension Fund holding $873 billion as of June 2015 is the largest fund; its profits are from the state-owned North Sea oil drilling operation; a drop in oil prices has costed the fund billions since March 2015. 
  27. The 20 wealthiest people in the United States have more money than the poorest 152 million Americans combined.
  28. As of 12/2015 At this point 62 percent of all Americans have less than $1,000 in their savings accounts, and 21 percent of all Americans do not have a savings account at all.
  29. The S&P 500 gained 135% from March 2009 through January 2013; it gained the exact same amount from 1996 to 2000.
  30. According to a study by Harvard, 46.1% of Americans die with less than $10,000 in assets.
  31. In 2013 the U.S. economy is 2.9% larger than it was in 2008 while the U.K. economy is 3.3% smaller than it was.
  32. The current U.S. minimum wage is $7.25, which is lower than those of Canada ($9.40), United Kingdom ($10.47), Netherlands ($11.38), Ireland ($11.48), New Zealand ($11.66), Belgium ($11.90), France ($12.64), Luxembourg ($14.75), and Australia ($14.98).
  33. The European Union (EU) and Vietnam have reached a free trade agreement that will remove nearly all tariffs on goods traded between the EU and Vietnam; their annual trade is worth about $30bn. - The EU has a such free trade deal with South Korea and Singapore.
  34. Greece's GDP has shrunk by 25% in six years since 2009; the unemployment rate went from 10% in 2010 to 25% in March, 2015; the young are hit the worst, with one in two under the age of 25 having no job; and over 3% of its population (11 million) has left the country since 2010.
  35. During a global financial crisis in 2008 the U.S. Federal government bailed out $182 billion to American International Group, Inc. – also known as AIG - an American multinational insurance corporation with more than 88 million customers in 130 countries, to prevent the company's collapse. As of today it received a repaid amount of $205 billion, which is a 13 percent return on the funds it provided to AIG.
  36. During a global financial crisis in 2008 in order to prevent Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac from bankruptcy the U.S. government bailed out $187 billion to these giant mortgage companies and placed them into conservatorship of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). As of today the government received a repaid amount of $225 billion, which is a 20 percent return on the funds it provided to these companies.
  37. Hong Kong’s economic freedom score is 89.6, making its economy the 1st freest in the 2015 Economic Index.
  38. The United States’ economic freedom score is 76.2, making its economy the 12th freest in the 2015 Economic Index.
  39. Prior to 1970, the total amount of debt in the United States, which include government debt, business debt, consumer debt, student debt, etc, was less than $2 trillion; today it is over $56 trillion.
  40. Around 44% of American homeless people are employed.
  41. There is about 7% of all non-farm workers in the United States are self-employed.
  42. During the period of 2008 to 2012 Americans have donated $19.1 million to the U.S. Treasury to help pay down the national debt.
  43. Constituting less than 5 percent of the world's population, Americans generate and earn more than 20 percent of the world's total income. The U.S. is the world's largest national economy and leading global trader. From the 2nd quarter of 2009 to the 3rd quarter of 2014, U.S. real GDP is up 2.3% at an annual rate, and exports have contributed one-third (0.7 percentage points) to this growth. Jobs supported by U.S. exports of goods and services are up an estimated 1.6 million since 2009, to an estimated 11.3 million in 2013.
  44. In 2013 the top 10 destinations for U.S. goods exports were Canada, Mexico, China, Japan, Germany, Hong Kong, United Kingdom, South Korea, Brazil and Netherlands.
  45. In 2013 the top 10 countries that imported goods to the U.S. were China, Canada, Mexico, Japan, Germany, South Korea, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom, France, and India.
  46. In the U.S., as of November 2012 more than 16% of the population lived in poverty, including almost 20% of American children, up from 14.3% (approximately 43.6 million) in 2009 and to its highest level since 1993.
  47. In 2011, child poverty reached record high levels, with 16.7 million children living in food insecure households, about 35% more than 2007 levels. A 2013 UNICEF report ranked the U.S. as having the second highest relative child poverty rates in the developed world.
  48. According to the World Bank, U.S. GDP accounted for 32% of all global economic activity in 2001 and dropped to 22% in 2011.
  49. According to the US Census, in 2007 5.8% of all people in married families lived in poverty, as did 26.6% of all persons in single parent households, and 19.1% of all persons living alone; more than 75% of all poor households are headed by women (2012)
  50. More than 300,000 California workers at big companies like Wal-Mart and Costco, qualify for medical, the state's health insurance for the poor.
  51. The U.S. government assistance for families whose incomes flutter just above the poverty line nearly doubled from 1983 to 2004 after taking inflation into account.
  52. In the U.S. people working in fast-food jobs are more likely to live in or near poverty, and more than half (52 percent) of the families of front-line fast-food workers. are enrolled in one or more public programs, compared to 25 percent of the workforce as a whole.
  53. The U.S. federal government runs more than 83 different welfare programs, and about 35% of the population are enrolled in at least one of them.
  54.  
  55. Since the end of the socialist economy 35 years ago, workers in China have been regarded as a source of low-cost and compliant labor for foreign investors; China's minimum wages, are now averaging more than $200 per month.
  56. The minimum wage of Bangladesh is 1,500 taka (or $19 USD) per month.
  57. More babies were born in the U.S. in 1956 than they were born in 2009, 2010, or 2011.
  58. The World Bank is an international organization that helps emerging market countries reduce poverty. It is not a bank in the ordinary sense but a unique partnership to reduce poverty and support development, instead, it consists of two development institutions. One is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The second is the International Development Association. The Bank's 189 member countries share ownership. The World Bank is a vital source of financial and technical assistance to developing countries around the world. It provides low-interest loans, interest-free credit and grants.  It focuses on improving education, health and infrastructure. It also uses funds to modernize a country's financial sector, agriculture and natural resources management. Established in 1944, the World Bank Group is headquartered in Washington, D.C. It has more than 10,000 employees in more than 120 offices worldwide.


Currency - Exchange Rate per U.S. Dollar



Annual Minimum Wages in U.S. Dollar



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2024
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 3.7  3.9  3.8  3.9  4.0

4.1

 4.3  4.2  4.1  ---  ---  ---

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 256  236  310  108  216  179  114  159  254  ---  ---  ---

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

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 34.51  34.56  34.69  34.75  34.88  34.99  35.07  35.23  35.36  ----  ----  ----

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.3  0.4  0.4  0.3  0.0  -0.1  0.2  0.2  0.2  ----  ----  ----

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 0.7  0.2  0.6  0.9  -0.1  0.1  0.1  -0.2  -0.4  ----  ----  ----

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.7  0.7  0.1  0.7  -0.7  -0.3  0.5  -0.9  -0.7  ----  ----  ----

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2023
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 3.4  3.6  3.5  3.4  3.7

3.6

 3.5  3.8  3.8  3.9  3.7  3.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 472  248  217  217  281  105  236  165  262  105  173  216

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 33.02  33.11  33.20  33.34  33.45  33.60  33.73  33.82 33.91  34.00  34.12 34.27

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.5  0.4  0.1  0.4  0.1  0.2  0.2  0.5  0.4  0.1  0.2  0.2

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 -0.4  -0.2  -0.8  0.3  -0.4  -0.2  0.0  0.6  0.5  -0.6  -0.5  -0.7

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.2  0.4  -0.4  -0.1  -2.1  -0.6  0.3  1.2 0.5  -0.9  -0.7  -0.7

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2022
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.0  3.8  3.6  3.6  3.6

3.6

 3.5  3.7  3.5  3.7  3.6  3.5

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 364  904  414  254  364  370  568  252  350  324  290  239

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 31.63  31.63  31.83  31.94  32.06  32.18  32.33  32.43  32.53  32.66  32.80 32.92

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.6  0.7  1.0  0.4  0.9  1.2  0.0  0.2  0.4  0.5  0.2  0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 2.0  1.8  2.9  0.5  0.5  0.2  -1.4  -1.2  -1.0  -0.3  -0.8  -0.1

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 2.8  3.2  3.9  1.0  2.7  1.1  -3.7  -1.4  -0.9  -0.5  -0.4  -3.2

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2021
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 6.3  6.2  6.0  6.1  5.8  5.9  5.4  5.2  4.8  4.6  4.2  3.9

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 520  710  704  263  447  575  689  517  424  677  647  510

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 29.93  30.04  30.06  30.20  30.36  30.52  30.67  30.76  30.92  31.11  31.23  31.40

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.3  0.4  0.6  0.8  0.6  0.9  0.5  0.3  0.4  0.9  0.8  0.5

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 1.5  1.2  1.5  0.9  1.3  1.1  0.3  -0.2  0.4  1.5 0.7  -0.2

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 2.7  1.6  2.5  1.2  2.3  1.2  1.1  0.2  0.3  1.9  0.7  -1.6

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2020
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 3.5  3.5  4.4   14.8   13.3  11.1   10.2   8.4   7.9   6.9   6.7   6.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 315  289   -1683  -20679   2833  4846   1726   1583   716  680  264   -306

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 28.43   28.52   28.69  30.03  29.70   29.32 29.35   29.45  29.47  29.49  29.58  29.81

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.2   0.1   -0.3   -0.7   -0.1   0.5   0.5   0.4  0.2  0.1   0.2   0.2

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.2   -0.7   -2.4   -2.6   0.7   1.3   1.2   0.9  0.2   -0.1   0.1  1.0

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.6  -1.2   -1.4  -3.5   0.0  1.8  1.0   0.5  0.6   0.2   0.7  1.3

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2019
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.0  3.8   3.8   3.6   3.6  3.7   3.7   3.7   3.5   3.6   3.5   3.5

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 312   56   153   216   62   178   166   219   193   152  256   145

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 27.56   27.66   27.71   27.75   27.82   27.91 27.99   28.11  28.12  28.22  28.29  28.32

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.0   0.2   0.5   0.5   0.0   0.0   0.2   0.1  0.2  0.3   0.2   0.1

Import Price Index (6)

 0.2   1.0   0.6   0.2   0.2   -1.1   0.0   -0.6   0.1   -0.4   0.1

0.3

Export Price Index (6)

 -0.6  0.6   0.7  0.1   -0.3   -0.6  0.2   -0.6   -0.3   0.0   0.2  -0.2

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2018
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.1  4.1  4.0  3.9  3.8 4.0  3.9  3.9  3.7  3.8  3.7  3.9

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 171  324  155  175  268  208  165  286  119  274  176  312

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 26.71  26.74  26.80  26.86  26.94  26.99 27.07  27.17  27.25  27.31  27.37  27.48

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.4  0.2  -0.1  0.2  0.2  0.1  0.2  0.2  0.1  0.3  0.0  -0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 0.8  0.2  -0.2  0.5  0.9  0.0  -0.1  -0.4  0.1  0.5  -1.7  -1.0

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.7  0.2  0.4  0.5  0.7  0.2  -0.5  -0.1  0.0  0.5  -0.8  -0.6

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2017
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.8  4.7  4.5  4.4  4.3  4.4  4.3  4.4  4.2  4.1  4.1  4.1

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 252  200  73  175  155  239  190  221  14  271  216  160

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 25.98  26.07  26.11  26.17  26.21  26.26  26.34  26.39  26.51  26.47  26.54  26.65

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.4  0.0  -0.2  0.2  -0.1  0.0  0.1  0.4  0.5  0.1  0.3  0.2

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 0.6  0.3  -0.2  0.2  -0.1  -0.2  -0.2  0.6  0.8  0.2  1.0  0.2

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 0.2  0.3  0.1  0.2  -0.6  -0.1  0.5  0.6  0.8  0.1  0.5  0.1

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.



U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2016
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
 
Feb
 
Mar
 
Apr
 
May
 
Jun
 
Jul
 
Aug
 
Sep
 
Oct
 
Nov
 
Dec
 

Unemployment Rate (1)

 4.9  4.9  5.0  5.0  4.7  4.9  4.9  4.9  5.0  4.9  4.6  4.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

 90  237  225  153  43  297  291  176  249  124  164  157

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
 25.37  25.38  25.46  25.54  25.59  25.62  25.71  25.74  25.81  25.90  25.91  25.97

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
 0.0  -0.2  0.1  0.4  0.2  0.2  0.0  0.2  0.3  0.4  0.2  0.3

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

 -1.3  -0.5  0.4  0.7  1.2  0.7  0.1  -0.2  0.1  0.5  -0.1  0.4

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

 -0.9  -0.4  -0.1  0.5  1.1  0.8  0.2  -0.8  0.3  0.2  0.1  0.4

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2015
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

5.7 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.0

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

213 265 84 251 273 228 277 150 149 295 2580 271

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
24.74 24.80 24.87 24.91 24.96 24.95 25.03 25.12 25.14 25.21 25.27 25.26

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
-0.6 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.1  -0.1

Producer Price Index (5)

-1.9 0.1 0.2 -0.6 1.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.5 -1.3 -0.3 0.1  

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

-3.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 1.1 0.1 -0.9 -1.8 -1.1 -0.3 -.06  -1.1

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

-1.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -1.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.7  -1.1

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2014
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

6.6 6.7 6.6 6.2 6.3 6.1 6.2 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.6

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

177 188 225 330 236 286 249 213 250 221 423 329

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
24.21 24.33 24.33 24.34 24.40 24.47 24.48 24.55 24.55 24.58 24.68 24.61

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Producer Price Index (5)

0.6 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.4 1.1 0.5 -0.6 0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 -1.4 -1.8 -2.5

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

0.3 0.8 0.9 -1.0 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2013
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

8.0 7.7 7.5 7.6 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.7

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

195 314 115 187 219 127 164 256 150 225 317 109

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
23.76 23.78 23.81 23.87 23.89 23.98 23.98 24.03 24.07 24.10 24.17 24.20

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
0.1 0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Producer Price Index (5)

0.4 0.6 -0.5 -0.7 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.6

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.5 0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.6 -0.9 0.1

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

0.4 0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.4 -0.6 0.2 0.4

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2012
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

8.3 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.9

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

355 247 216 87 113 35 177 188 144 213 164 293

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
23.24 23.28 23.36 23.39 23.40 23.46 23.52 23.49 23.58 23.57 23.64 23.73

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
0.3 0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.6 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.0

Producer Price Index (5)

0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 1.2 1.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

0.0 0.0 1.4 -0.1 -1.5 -2.3 -0.7 1.2 1.0 0.3 -0.7 -0.6

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

0.3 0.5 0.8 0.4 -0.5 -1.7 0.4 0.9 0.8 0.1 -0.6 -0.1

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


U.S. Employment & Economy Index - 2011
(Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics)
Category All
Yrs
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec

Unemployment Rate (1)

9.2 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.0 9.1 9.0 9.0 9.0 8.8 8.6 8.5

Change in Payroll Employment (1000's) (2)

20 167 206 321 103 185 117 128 223 183 146 226

Average Hourly Earnings (3)

Jump to page with historical data
22.85 22.87 22.87 22.92 22.99 23.01 23.11 23.06 23.11 23.21 23.19 23.23

Consumer Price Index (4)

Jump to page with historical data
0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0

Producer Price Index (5)

0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.5 -0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.8 -0.2 0.2 -0.1

U.S. Import Price Index (6)

1.5 1.7 3.0 2.6 0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 0.7 0.0

U.S. Export Price Index (6)

1.3 1.3 1.5 0.8 0.4 0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.5 -2.0 0.1 -0.5

Footnotes
(1) In percent. Annual averages are available for
Not Seasonally Adjusted data.
(2) Number of jobs, in thousands, seasonally adjusted.
(3) Average Hourly Earnings for all employees on private non-farm payrolls.
(4) All items, U.S. city average, all urban consumers, 1982-84=100, 1-month percent change.
(5) Finished goods, 1982=100, 1-month percent change, seasonally adjusted.
(6) All imports, 1-month percent change, not seasonally adjusted.


Financial Economy Outlook & Crisis
▷ Economy Discussion Forum
Discussion Forum .

▷ Financial Economy Outlook & Crisis
  1. The Future of Finance and the Global Economy: Facing Global Forces, Shaping Global Solutions
  2. An Overview of the Economic Outlook: 2021 to 2031
  3. An Economic Approach to Price Fixing
  4. The Economics of Subsidies
  5. The Economic Importance of Financial Literacy: Theory and Evidence
  6. The Economic Impact of Pandemic Influenza in the U.S.
  7. The Economic Impact of Counterfeiting
  8. The Economic Costs of Debt-Ceiling Brinkmanship
  9. The Economic Outlook & the Global Financial Crisis.
  10. The Economics of Cryptocurrencies - Bitcoin and Beyond.
  11. The Economics of Structured Finance.
  12. The Economics of Fairness, Reciprocity and Altruism...
  13. The Economics of Hosting the Olympic Games
  14. U.S. Economy: Recovery in Uncertain Times.
  15. U.S. Economy Headed for Recession by Mid-2023 ...
  16. U.S. Economic Outlook and Monetary Policy
  17. U.S. Economic Outlook for 2020 and Beyond
  18. U.S. Economy at a Glance | U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA)
  19. Economic Development and the World Bank
  20. Economic Report of the U.S. President
  21. Economic Outlook Executive Summary
  22. Economic and Market Outlook
  23. Economic Inequality by Gender
  24. Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households in: 2023 - 2021.
  25. Economic Snapshot: July 2015.
  26. Economic Crisis in Europe: European Commission - Europa ...
  27. Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe
  28. Economic and Budgetary Outlook for the European Union
  29. Economic Damages to the U.S. Beef Cattle Industry Due to COVID-19
  30. Economic Effects of the 1918 Influenza Pandemic
  31. Economic Growth: The Impact on Poverty Reduction, Inequality, Human Development and Jobs
  32. Economic Growth After Debt Surges
  33. Economic Recession and the Way-Out: Nigeria as Case
  34. Economic Indicators.
  35. Economics School Rankings.
  36. Economic Calendar.
  37. Economic News Releases.
  38. Strong Dollar Is Good for the US But Bad for the World
  39. Dollar Dominance in the International Reserve System: An Update
  40. Dollar Dominance Monitor
  41. The Dollar: The World’s Reserve Currency
  42. Is Dollar Dominance in Doubt?
  43. The Importance of the Financial System for the Real Economy
  44. The Relationship Between Banking Concentration and Economic Growth
  45. The Relationship Between Gold Prices and Exchange Value of US Dollar in India.
  46. The Relationships Between Gold Price, Euro and U.S. Dollars.
  47. Relationship Between the Dollar, Interest Rates, and the Price of Gold.
  48. The International Role of the U.S. Dollar
  49. The Role of Financial institutions and the Economic Growth: A Literature Review
  50. The Role of Central Banks in Macroeconomic and Financial Stability
  51. The Role of Monetary Policy
  52. The Role of Digital Economy and ICT in Developing Economics of Uzbekistan
  53. The Role of Finance in the Economy: Implications for Structural Reform of the Financial Sector
  54. The Role of Education in the Production of Health: An Empirical Analysis of Smoking Behavior.
  55. Role of Financial System in Economic Development of a Country
  56. The Budget and Economic Outlook: 2022 - 2032
  57. Bridging the Gender Pay Gap: Empowering Women for Economic Equality
  58. Benchmarking Gender Gaps in 2022
  59. Gender and Income Inequality (Infographic)
  60. Gender Roles and the Gender Expectations Gap
  61. Gender Roles Produce Divergent Economic Expectations
  62. Gender Inequality and Economic Growth: Evidence from Industry-Level Data
  63. Gender Inequality as a Barrier to Economic Growth: A Review of the Theoretical Literature
  64. Gender Equality: Glossary of Terms and Concepts
  65. Gender Equality and Economic Development
  66. Gender Differences in Inflation Expectations: Recent Evidence from India
  67. Views of Gender in the U.S.
  68. Confronting the Crisis - Economic Outlook
  69. The Latest Global Economic Outlook & Conditions
  70. Investors Predict US Recession in 2023 - The Facts
  71. The Impacts of the Coronavirus on the Economy of the United States
  72. The Impact of the Financial System on Economic Growth in the Context of the Global Crisis: Empirical Evidence for the EU and OECD Countries
  73. The Impact of Government Debt on Economic Growth in Nigeria
  74. The Impact of Public Debt on Economic Growth
  75. Minimizing Debt Ceiling Crises: Principles and Practical Advice
  76. The Potential Macroeconomic Effect of Debt Ceiling Brinkmanship
  77. Understanding the National Debt and the Debt Ceiling
  78. Positive and Negative Effects of Debt
  79. Debt and Economic Growth
  80. Debt Ceiling vs Government Shutdown
  81. Debt Revenue and the Sustainability of Public Debt
  82. Debt Overhang and the Retail Apocalypse
  83. Debt and Deficits: Spending, Revenue, and Economic Growth
  84. Debt and Macroeconomic Stability: Case Studies
  85. Debt Problems and the World Macroeconomy
  86. The Debt Ceiling: An Explainer
  87. The Debt Ceiling: Economics and Politics
  88. The Real Effects of Debt
  89. The U.S. Debt Ceiling Crisis That Ended With a Whimper.
  90. U.S. Debt Ceiling: Costs and Consequences
  91. U.S. Inflation Forecast: 2022, 2023 and Long Term to 2030 - Data and Charts
  92. U.S. Economic Forecast Q1 2023
  93. The Aftermath of Debt Surges
  94. Dealing With Debt
  95. Public Debt Management
  96. Bubbles, Crashes, and Economic Growth: Theory and Evidence
  97. Performing Knowledge Economies
  98. Performing Economies
  99. Strategy in Emerging Economies
  100. Foreign Capital in a Growth Model
  101. Is Fixed Investment the Key to Economic Growth?
  102. The Nexus of Financial Development and Economic Growth Across Developing Economies
  103. Recession: Meaning in Economics With Causes
  104. Financial Failure and Depositor Quality ...
  105. The Financial Economics of Gold.
  106. Cash-Hedged Stock Returns
  107. Report on the Economic Well-Being of U.S. Households
  108. State-by-State Bankruptcy Statistics
  109. Coronavirus: A Visual Guide to the Economic Impact
  110. Discount Rates
  111. Recession in the Present Economy and Its Impact on Business Sector
  112. Summary of Economic Projections
  113. Estimating Risk Free Rates
  114. Search Frictions, Labor Supply, and the Asymmetric Business Cycle
  115. Banking Sector Depth and Economic Growth Nexus: A Comparative Study between the Natural Resource-based and the Rest of the World’s Economies
  116. Analysis of the Main Theories of Interest Rates
  117. Money, Interest Rates, and Exchange Rates
  118. Monetary Policy and Economic Policy
  119. Money, Output, and Prices in the Long Run
  120. The General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money
  121. Estate vs. Capital Gains Taxation: An Evaluation of Prospective Policies for Taxing Wealth at the Time of Death
  122. Firm Cyclicality and Financial Frictions
  123. Introduction to Keynesian Theory and Keynesian Economic Policies in Europe
  124. Keynes' Theory of the Interest Rate: A Critical Approach
  125. The Federal Reserve System Purposes & Functions
  126. Diversity and Labor Market Outcomes in the Economics Profession
  127. The Radius of Economic Opportunity: Evidence from Migration and Local Labor Markets
  128. An Update to the Economic Outlook: 2020 to 2030
  129. Chief Economists Outlook
  130. Climate Change and Adaptation in Global Supply-Chain Network
  131. Current Challenges to Developing Country Debt Sustainability
  132. Delivering Digital Infrastructure Advancing the Internet Economy
  133. Foundations Digital Economy
  134. E-Commerce and Digital Economy Program - Year in Review
  135. Defining and Measuring the Digital Economy
  136. A Roadmap Toward a Common Framework for Measuring the Digital Economy
  137. Capturing the Digital Economy: A Proposed Measurement Framework and Its Applications
  138. Defining, Conceptualising and Measuring the Digital Economy: Development Informatics Working Paper
  139. The Digital Economy, Global Value Chains (GVCs) and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)
  140. Digital Economy Policy in Developing Countries
  141. Digital Economy
  142. Digital Economy Report | UNCTAD
  143. Digital Economy Report
  144. Digital Economy as a Factor in the Technological Development of the Mineral Sector
  145. Digital Economy Outlook | OECD
  146. Digital Economy Report (2019)
  147. The Digitalization as a Global Trend and Growth Factor of the Modern Economy
  148. Digital Economy Policy in Developing Countries
  149. Digital Economy and the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
  150. Digital Globalization: The New Era of Global Flows
  151. The Oxford Handbook of the Digital Economy
  152. Cryptoeconomics
  153. Tax and Digitalisation
  154. Analysis and Outlook of the Greek Financial Crisis
  155. An Analytical View of Crude Oil Prices and Its Impact on Indian Economy
  156. Economic Impact Analysis on National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
  157. Digital Economy: Impacts, Influences and Challenges
  158. The COVID-19 Economic Crisis: Dangerously Unique
  159. Global Waves of Debt: Causes and Consequences
  160. Global Debt: Challenges and Opportunities
  161. Global Gender Gap Report 2023
  162. Global Outlook | World Bank
  163. Global Economic Outlook
  164. Global Economic Outlook: Crisis Update
  165. Global Economic Outlook | Morgan Stanley
  166. Global Economic Outlook During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Changed World | World Bank
  167. Global Economic Prospects
  168. Global Economic Effects of COVID-19 (CSR - May 2020) Report.
  169. Global Economy Watch
  170. Global Economic Forecasts Drop as Russia's War in Ukraine Takes Toll
  171. Global Risks Report.
  172. Global Financial Crisis of 2007–2010.
  173. Global Financial Meltdown and the Demise of Neoliberalism.
  174. The Global Economy Has Entered Unexplored, Dangerous Territory.
  175. The Global Economy Is in Serious Danger.
  176. The World Economy in 2020 — The IMF Gets It Mostly Right
  177. World Economic Outlook Update, June 2020: A Crisis Like No Other, An Uncertain Recovery
  178. World Economic Situation and Prospects: 2022 - 2020
  179. World Economic Outlook (WEO) Database.
  180. World Economic Outlook: 2021 - 2020 - 2019 - 2009
  181. World Population.
  182. World Bank Probes Possible China Data Manipulation in Report
  183. World Bank Pauses Its 'Doing Business' Report as It Probes ...
  184. Annual Economic Outlook
  185. Inflation Expectations Are Up, Should Investors Worry?
  186. Market Perspective: Disconnection
  187. The Financial Crisis Inquiry Report
  188. Financial Crisis 2.0?
  189. Financial Services Technology 2020 and Beyond: Embracing Disruption
  190. The European Financial Crisis | Harvard
  191. Solving the Financial and Sovereign Debt Crisis in Europe
  192. Timeline of Cyber Incidents Involving Financial Institutions
  193. Are Chinese Statistics manipulated? | World Bank.
  194. U.S.-China Economic and Security Review.
  195. Unraveling China's Capital Market Growth: A Political Economy Account.
  196. Assessing the Impact: A Cross Industry View on the Impact of COVID-19 in China
  197. Indonesia Economic Outlook
  198. Analyzing the Bitcoin Ponzi Scheme Ecosystem
  199. The Direct Economic Impact of Gold
  200. The Price of Gold and the Exchange Rates.
  201. The Gold Standard: Historical Facts and Future Prospects.
  202. The Gold-Dollar System.
  203. Gold and Silver Investment.
  204. Gold and Currencies.
  205. Oil, Gold, US Dollar and Stock Market Interdependencies.
  206. Questioning the U.S. Dollar’s Status as a Reserve Currency.
  207. The Great Lockdown: Worst Economic Downturn Since the Great Depression | IMF
  208. World Economy Outlook: The Great Lookdown (IMF Report).
  209. World Markets Drop Over Worries About Debt, Jobs.
  210. Does the IMF Influence Fiscal and Monetary Policy?
  211. The IMF and Economy Development
  212. European Economic Forecast Report
  213. Coronavirus: The World Economy at Risk
  214. Country Rankings: World & Global Economy Rankings
  215. The New Economy: Beyond the Hype
  216. The World's Largest Economies (2018-2022)
  217. The World's Biggest Economies in 2018
  218. The U.S. Debt by President: Why the Winner Is...Barack Obama?
  219. The U.S. Deficit by President: What Budget Deficits Hide.
  220. Is the U.S. Retirement System: Contributing to Rising Wealth Inequality
  221. Changes in the Distribution of After-Tax Wealth: Has Income Tax Policy Increased Wealth Inequality?
  222. More and More Economic Datapoints Have Completely Erased the Financial Crisis
  223. China Financial Crisis: Dubai, World's Most Globalized City, Could Suffer Amid Chinese Economic Woes
  224. Vietnam - The Other Asian Tiger.
  225. Asia's Next Tiger: Good Afternoon, Vietnam
  226. Fed Slashes Rate Hike Forecast on Darker Economic View.
  227. Only America Can Lead on the Changes the Global Economy Needs.
  228. Red Flag: U.S. Economy May Have Hit The Pause Button.
  229. The Panama Papers: A Torrential Leak.
  230. Many Successes in Just a Few Years: The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau Turns 5.
  231. The 2015 Index of Economic Freedom.
  232. Lessons from OECD Forecasts During and After the Financial Crisis
  233. Capitalism for Everyone.
  234. We Bailed You Out, and Now You Want What!?!.
  235. American Time Use.
  236. Putin's Reaction to Sanctions Is Destroying The Economy and China Won't Help.
  237. Russia Seeks Sanctions Tit for Tat.
  238. Have You Joined the Sharing Economy?
  239. Do Not Gut Financial Reform in the Name of Helping Small Banks
  240. China's Currency Plunges, Signaling Tumbling Economy.
  241. United States Support for Economic Growth and Development in Central America
  242. Over 48 Million Americans Live in Poverty.
  243. A Different Way of Measuring Poverty
  244. The Greek Financial Crisis and the Outlook of the Greek Economy
  245. Measuring Income and Wealtha at the Top Using Administrative and Survey Data
  246. Income and Poverty in the United States in 2013
  247. The Supplemental Poverty Measure in 2013
  248. An Understanding of Debt Limit.
  249. Better Product at Same Cost, Lower Sales and Lower Welfare.
  250. State Regulation of Alcohol Distribution: The Effects of Post & Hold Laws on Consumption and Social Harms.
  251. Slow Market Adjustment to Tax Changes: Evidence from the Market for Used Wide-body Commercial Aircraft.
  252. The Impact of Vertical Contracting on Firm Behavior: Evidence from Gasoline Stations.
  253. Branding, Cannibalization, and Spatial Preemption: An Application to the Hotel Industry.
  254. Asymmetric Pass-Through in U.S. Gasoline Prices.
  255. The Missing Motivation in Macroeconomics
  256. Job Insecurity Isn’t Always Efficient.
  257. Consumer Perceptions of Heart-Health Claims for Cooking Oils and Vegetable Oil Spreads.
  258. The Effect of Hospital Mergers on Inpatient Prices: A Case Study of the New Hanover-Cape Fear Transaction.
  259. Dynamics in a Mature Industry: Entry, Exit, and Growth of Big-Box Grocery Retailers.
  260. The Success of Divestitures in Merger Enforcement: Evidence from the J&J-Pfizer Transaction.
  261. The Price Effects of Hospital Mergers: A Case Study of the Sutter-Summit Transaction.
  262. Competition, Contracts, and Innovation.
  263. The Welfare Effects of Use-or-Lose Provisions in Markets with Dominant Firms.
  264. Petroleum Mergers and Competition in the Northeast United States.
  265. Vertical Relationships and Competition in Retail Gasoline Markets
  266. Naked Exclusion by a Dominant Supplier: Exclusive Contracting and Loyalty Discounts.
  267. Edgeworth Price Cycles in Gasoline: Evidence from the U.S.
  268. Entry Threats and Pricing in the Generic Drug Industry.
  269. Local Market Structure and Strategic Organizational Form Choices.
  270. A Retrospective Analysis of the Clinical Quality Effects of the Acquisition of Highland Park Hospital by Evanston Northwestern Healthcare.
  271. Regulation and Innovation: Evidence and Policy Implications.
  272. International Trade and Investment - The Economic Rationale for Government Support.
  273. Supporting Analysis for the Higher Education.
  274. Innovation and Research Strategy for Growth.
  275. Occupational Employment Projections to 2020.
  276. Industry Employment and Output Projections to 2020.
  277. Labor Force Projections to 2020: A More Slowly Growing Workforce.
  278. The Outlook for Zimbabwe Economy
  279. Tracking the Global Financial Crisis: An Analysis of the IMF’s World Economic Outlook
  280. Lessons from OECD Forecasts During and After the Financial Crisis (2014)
  281. Assessment of Long Term Performance of Credit Rating...
  282. Are Economists Different, and If So, Why?
  283. The Accidental Theorist.
  284. Earth in the Balance Sheet.
  285. Does Studying Economics Inhibit Cooperation?
  286. Behavioral Economics: Past, Present and Future.
  287. Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress.
  288. Tracking the Global Financial Crisis: An Analysis of the IMF’s World Economic Outlook
  289. Reclaiming the Hidden Assets – Towards Global Freeware Index.
  290. Unraveling in Guessing Games: An Experimental Study.
  291. Theory, Experiments and Economics.
  292. State-Market Relations in the Perspective of Original Institutionalism
  293. Wealth Beyond GDP - Composing a National Commons Product.
  294. Choice Under Uncertainty: Problems Solved & Unsolved.
  295. The Fiscal Stimulus, Flawed but Valuable.
  296. The Evolution of the Baby Food Industry 2000-2008.
  297. Dollar Tumbles as Huge Credit Crunch Looms.
  298. A Case for the World's First Coin: The Lydian Lion.
  299. "Liquidation" Cycles: Old Fashioned Real Business Cycle Theory and the Great Depression.
  300. Biophysical Economics.
  301. Gross Domestic Product.
  302. List of Countries by GDP (PPP) per Capita.
  303. Countries Facts, Statistics, Population - The World Factbook.
  304. Developing Country
  305. Benefiting from the Digital Economy: Cambodia Policy Note
  306. Nigeria - Digital Economy Diagnostic Report
  307. The Future of China's Yuan.
  308. The Theory of Reflexivity by George Soros.
  309. The Understanding of Financial Markets.
  310. The International Gold Standard and U.S. Monetary Policy from the War World I to the New Deal.
  311. The State of the U.S. Labor Market: Pre-May 2015 Jobs Release.
  312. The Financial Crisis and the Economic Outlook.
  313. The Macroeconomic Costs of a Global Influenza Pandemic.
  314. The Macroeconomics of the Great Depression: A Comparative Approach.
  315. The Myths About the Economic Crisis.
  316. Tackling the Financial and Economic Crisis.
  317. Capital Flight by Darryl McLeod.
  318. Real Earnings – January 2015.
  319. Causes of the 1980s Slump in Europe.
  320. Financial Stress, Downturns, and Recoveries.
  321. Understanding of Financial Crisis.
  322. A Rolling Tide: Changes in the Distribution of Wealth in the U.S., 1989-2001.
  323. Ponds and Streams: Wealth and Income in the U.S., 1989 to 2007.
  324. Work at Home.
  325. Some Skeptical Observations on Real Business Cycle Theory.
  326. Nonmonetary Effects of the Financial Crisis in the Propagation of the Great Depression.
  327. Did Negative Technology Shocks Drive the Great Depression? - An Empirical Analyses of Interwar U.S. Manufacturing.
  328. Underconsumption Theories and Keynesian Economics - Interpretations of the Great Depression.
  329. Measuring the Economic Benefits of Mathematical Science Research in the UK
  330. The Rise and Fall of the Gold Standard in the United States.
  331. The Use of Mathematics in Economics and Its Effect on ...
  332. The Use and Abuse of Mathematical Economics.
  333. The Use of Mathematics in Economics.
  334. Limits to the Uses of Mathematics in Economics.
  335. Mathematics in Economics.
  336. Mathematics in Finance and Economics.
  337. Introduction to Economics
  338. 5 of the World’s Most Devastating Financial Crises
  339. 5 Nobel Prize-Winning Economic Theories You Should Know About.
  340. 5 Signs of a U.S. Economic Collapse in 2019
  341. 7 Questions about Greece’s Huge Crisis.
  342. 7 Key Things to Know About Greece’s Debt Crisis and What Happens Next.
  343. 10 Common Effects of Inflation
  344. 10 Best-Performing Economies in the World - Global Economy
  345. 10 Best Economies in the World
  346. 10 Top Crises the World Should Be Watching in 2021
  347. 12 Things That Will Get More Expensive in 2013.
  348. 15 Economic Facts About Millennial.
  349. 20 Worst Economies in the World
  350. 25 Top Economies in the World.
  351. 25 Best Countries in the World, Best Countries, from Quality of Life to Economic Potential
  352. 32 Most Powerful Economies in the World by 2050
  353. 50 Top Economies of the world by Gross Domestic Product

News, Info, Facts, Outlook & Analysis
  1. The Relationship Between Economics and Politics
  2. International Political Economy: Overview and Conceptualization
  3. The Political Economy of Economic Policy
  4. Political Economy, Markets, and Institutions: Preference Formation as a Point of Entry
  5. Consequences of the War in Ukraine: The Economic Fallout
  6. The American Political Economy: Markets, Power, and the Meta Politics of US Economic Governance
  7. America's Top Trading Partners
  8. America's Number 1 Trading Partner Isn’t China Anymore as Relationship Worsens
  9. Americans on the Economy: We're Worse off Now than Last Year
  10. Many Experts Feared a Recession. Instead, the Economy Has Continued to Soar
  11. Ranked: Visualizing the Largest Trading Partners of the U.S.
  12. Mapped: The State of Economic Freedom in 2023
  13. Mapped: The Growth in House Prices by Country
  14. The Roots of Economic Inequality
  15. Ranked: Number of Agricultural Workers by Country
  16. Economic Inequality, an Introduction
  17. Economic and Social Inequality
  18. Economic Predictions
  19. Economic Index
  20. Economic Indicators: Overview.
  21. Economic Crisis
  22. Economic Crisis: Challenge for Economic Theory and Policy
  23. Economics vs. the Economy
  24. Economics and Business
  25. Economic Outlook for Southeast Asia, China and ...
  26. Economic Outlook for the Europe and Central Asia Region
  27. Economists: Go After Currency Manipulators in Trade Deal
  28. Economic Forecast 2018-2019: Demand Is Strong But Supply Is Weak
  29. Economy of the United States
  30. Economy of Britain
  31. Economy of France
  32. Economy of Germany
  33. Economy of Sweden.
  34. Economy of Russia
  35. Economy of Spain
  36. Economy of China
  37. Economy of Japan
  38. Economy of Vietnam
  39. Economy of Cambodia
  40. Economy of Malaysia
  41. Economy of India
  42. Economy of Mexico
  43. Economy of Brazil
  44. Economy of Argentina
  45. Economic and Political Outlook for Latin America
  46. Economic and Political Outlook for the Americas
  47. Economic Outlook: Deflationary Bust Led By China
  48. Economic Growth to Decelerate in 2019 and then Ease Further
  49. Economic Growth in East Asia | Brookings Institution
  50. Economic Development and Performance
  51. Economic Development: A Definition and Model for Investment
  52. Economics in the Time of COVID-19
  53. The Economic Significance of Natural Resources
  54. The Economic Condition of Renters in California and Beyond
  55. The Economics of Recession and Recovery
  56. The Economics of Healthcare
  57. The Economics of Health and Health Care
  58. The Economic Consequences of Hospital Admissions
  59. The Economic Consequences of the 2018 US–China Trade Conflict: A CGE Simulation Analysis
  60. The Economy Under Trump in Six Charts ...
  61. Wealth Inequality and the Racial Wealth Gap
  62. The Rise of Income and Wealth Inequality in America: Evidence from Distributional Macroeconomic Accounts
  63. Trends in U.S. Income and Wealth Inequality
  64. Views of U.S. Economic Inequality
  65. The U.S. Inequality Debate
  66. Inequality Discussion | Harvard
  67. Inequality Is Good for Society. Do You Agree?
  68. Inequality and Economic Growth
  69. Income Inequality
  70. Income Inequality Visualizations
  71. Income Inequality as a Barrier to Economic Growth in the US
  72. Essay on Economic Inequality
  73. Crisis Economics
  74. The Crisis in Economic Theory
  75. The Current Economic Crisis: Causes, Cures and Consequences
  76. The Current Economic Crisis, Its Causes, Its Impact and Possible Alternatives
  77. The Financial and Economic Crisis of 2008-2009
  78. and Developing Countries
  79. Recession - Definition, Indicators, Causes and Effects
  80. Causes and Consequences of Inflation
  81. The Causes of and Responses to Today's Inflation
  82. Effects of Inflation: Positive & Negative Effects
  83. Inflation in the U.S. Economy: Causes and Policy Options
  84. Inflation: Causes, Costs, and Current Status
  85. Inflation: Causes and Effects
  86. Inflation
  87. Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 - Summary
  88. Inflation Act of 2022: Revenue and Climate Provisions
  89. Inflation and Growth Ethiopia
  90. Inflation Measured Every Day Keeps Adverse Responses Away ...
  91. The Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 - A First Look at New Tax Provisions
  92. The Inflation Reduction Act Drives Significant Emissions Reductions ...
  93. Understanding of Economy.
  94. Understanding Economic Statistics
  95. Understanding US Inflation During the COVID-19 Era
  96. Understanding China-US Trade War: Causes, Economic
  97. Understanding China's Currency Manipulation
  98. Understanding of China's Economy
  99. Understanding South Africa's Economic Puzzles
  100. OMB Analysis: The Social Benefits of the Inflation Reduction Act’s Greenhouse Gas Emission Reductions
  101. Tax Provisions in the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (H.R. 5376)
  102. The Future of Inflation Part I: Will Inflation Remain High? | IMF
  103. Construction Inflation 2022 – Table and Plots
  104. Restaurant Consumer Trends Impacted by Inflation
  105. Changes in Inflation by City in the U.S.
  106. Current US Inflation Rates: 2000-2023
  107. The Burst of High Inflation in 2021–22: How and Why Did We Get Here?
  108. Prices, the CPI, and Inflation
  109. Essential Facts About Inflation
  110. Measuring Race in US Economic Statistics: What Do We Know?
  111. Equilibrium in a Macroeconomic Model
  112. Macroeconomics: an Introduction
  113. Macroeconomics: Money Demand, Money Supply and Quantity Theory of Money
  114. Money Supply, Interest Rate, Exchange Rate and Oil Price Influence on Inflation in South Africa
  115. World Economic Outlook
  116. World Economic Outlook | IMF
  117. World Economic Outlook: Cyclical Upswing, Structural Change
  118. World Economic Outlook 2021 | IMF
  119. World Economic Outlook 2019 | IMF
  120. World Economic Outlook - October 2019 | IMF
  121. World Economic Outlook Update
  122. World Economic Outlook, January 2020
  123. World Economic Situation and Prospects as of mid-2020
  124. World Economic Situation and Prospects 2020
  125. World Economic Situation and Prospects | UN
  126. World Economic Situation & Prospects 2018 | UN
  127. Global Economic Prospects | World Bank
  128. Global Economy: Recovery, Growth and Challenges
  129. Global Economic Outlook: Crisis Update
  130. Global Economic Outlook 2020 | Davos (video)
  131. Global Financial Stability Report | IMF
  132. Global Economic Outlook: Global Economics Analyst as Good as It Gets
  133. The Global Economy Looks Good for 2018 (Unless Somebody Does Something Dumb)
  134. Fiscal Monitor | IMF
  135. Regional Economic Outlook | IMF
  136. An Overview of the Economic Outlook: 2021 to 2031
  137. An Update to the Budget Outlook: 2020 to 2030
  138. Vanguard Economic and Market Outlook for 2021: Approaching the Dawn
  139. Revival Beyond the Precipice
  140. Monthly Economic Monitor
  141. USDA Agricultural Projections to 2030
  142. Redefining Europe's Economic Sovereignty
  143. Europe After the Crisis | Princeton University
  144. The Role and Importance of Studying Economics
  145. The Nature and Importance of Economic Competence
  146. The Nature and Significance of Economic Science
  147. The Importance of Institutions to Economic Development
  148. Trump's Economy Really Was Better than Obama's | Bloomberg
  149. The Trump Economy versus the Obama Economy in 16 Charts ...
  150. Did Trump Create or Inherit the Strong Economy?
  151. The New Economic Cycle: Investing for a Post-COVID-19 World
  152. Global Economic Effects of COVID-19
  153. Securing Economic Recovery Beyond COVID‐19
  154. COVID and Beyond
  155. COVID Economy in the United States
  156. The COVID-19 Economic Crisis: Dangerously Unique
  157. Coronavirus: The Economic Impact
  158. The Price of the Coronavirus Pandemic
  159. Bulls, Bears, and Beyond
  160. Humans Behind Machines | Davos 2020 (video)
  161. The GCC in 2020 Outlook for the Gulf and the Global Economy
  162. The World's Most Valuable Brands
  163. The World in 2021 | The Economist
  164. The World's Biggest Economies
  165. The World's Largest Economies | CNN Money
  166. The World's Largest Economies (2019-2023)
  167. The World According to Robert Shiller
  168. World Economic Forum: Strategic Outlook: Africa - Davos 2020 (video)
  169. Largest Economies in the World
  170. The Biggest Risks to the Global Economy
  171. The Fastest Growers and Biggest Shrinkers
  172. Ranking of Biggest Economies by PPP in 2050 | PwC
  173. Basic Economic Concepts (Lecture)
  174. Basic Economic Concepts
  175. Basics, Economics Concepts Explained, Finance and ...
  176. An Overview of the Wall Street Crash.
  177. An Overview of Economics
  178. Introduction to Economics
  179. The Principles of Economics Textbook
  180. Winners of the Nobel Prize for Economics | Britannica
  181. Consumer Confidence: A Killer Statistic.
  182. Conference Board: Introduction.
  183. Capitalism 3.0.
  184. The Slave Economy
  185. Industry 4.0 and Manufacturing Ecosystems | Deloitte
  186. Emerging Countries and the Effects of the Trade War
  187. Some Economic Fundamentals for an Analysis of Bankruptcy
  188. Bankruptcy Law, Economics of Corporate and Personal
  189. The Case of Medical Bankruptcies
  190. An Economist's Perspective on Student Loans in the United States
  191. Medical Bankruptcy
  192. Sustainability - Challenges and Solutions
  193. Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth: A Survey of Literature Review
  194. Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Tanzania
  195. Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the World Economy
  196. Impact of Unemployment on Economic Development
  197. Impact of Inflation on Economic Growth: A Survey of Literature Review
  198. The Impact of the 2018 Trade War on US Prices and Welfare
  199. The Impact of China Devaluing the Yuan
  200. The Impact of the 9/11 Terrorist Attacks on the US Economy
  201. Changing the Culture of Economics: The 2019 Nobel Laureates
  202. The Facts of Economic Growth
  203. List of Economic Crisis
  204. List of Countries by Unemployment Rate
  205. List of Countries by GDP (Nominal)
  206. Lists of Countries by GDP.
  207. The Importance of Inflation and GDP.
  208. GDP | World Bank
  209. GDP Ranked by Country
  210. Currency Manipulation, the U.S. Economy, and the Global Economic Order
  211. Currency Wars the Great Destabilizer.
  212. Currency Manipulation and Its Impact on Free Trade
  213. Currency Manipulation and its Distortion of Free Trade
  214. Factbox: Vietnam's Power Development Plan for Cleaner Fuels
  215. Trade War: Can Vietnam Replace China as a Global ...
  216. The Story Behind Viet Nam's Miracle Growth
  217. Vietnam: Economic and Political Overview
  218. Vietnam Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business ...
  219. Vietnam EV Maker VinFast Secures $2.5 Billion in Fresh Funding Pledges
  220. Vietnam's Masan to Delay The CrownX IPO, Issue up to $500 mln International Bonds
  221. Vietnam Boosts Rare Earths Output by Tenfold
  222. Vietnam Economy Remains Outperformer as Growth Tops 7% Mark
  223. Vietnam Can't Be the Next China
  224. Vietnam: Asia's Quiet Economic Achiever
  225. Vietnam's First-Ever Car Brand in the Making
  226. WEF in Vietnam: The Tiger Leaps
  227. Investing in Vietnam: Redrawing the Horizon 2021 and Beyond
  228. Preventing Currency Manipulation
  229. Alibaba Leads $400 mln Funding in Masan's Retail Firm, First Vietnam Investment
  230. The U.S. Labeled China a Currency Manipulator
  231. Chinese Currency Manipulation
  232. Is China Manipulating Its Currency?
  233. Is China a Currency Manipulator?
  234. Is China's Manipulation of Its Currency an Actionable Violation?
  235. China's Opportunities and Challenges in 2021 and Beyond
  236. China Eclipses U.S. as Biggest Trading Nation.
  237. China Brief: The State of the Economy
  238. China's Pressure Costs Vietnam $1 Billion in the South China Sea
  239. China's Currency Policy
  240. China's Currency: An Analysis of the Economic Issues
  241. China Economic Review
  242. China Economic Growth: Cause, Pros, Cons, Future
  243. China's Economic Dragon Still Roars.
  244. China's Economic and Political Outlook Under Xi Jinping
  245. Markets Shrug Off China Stimulus.
  246. Manifesto of the Communist Party.
  247. Problems Loom for the Chinese Economy
  248. Eliminating Currency Manipulation through the TPP Could Create Jobs in Every Congressional District
  249. Fed Cuts Interest Rates for 1st Time Since 2008
  250. Interest Rates Just Keep Falling. Economic Orthodoxy Is Falling With Them.
  251. AAPC USTR Submission on Japan Joining the TPP
  252. How Interest Rates Affect the U.S. Markets
  253. The Cost of Unemployment to the Economy
  254. The Effect of Unemployment on Economic Growth
  255. The Effect of Health Care Cost Growth on the U.S. Economy
  256. Bad Effects of Unemployment on Economic Growth
  257. The Contentious U.S.-China Trade Relationship
  258. U.S. Economic Outlook
  259. U.S. Economy Grew Modestly to Start
  260. U.S. Economic Forecast - 2019 & 2020 Predictions
  261. U.S. Economic Outlook for 2018 and Beyond
  262. U.S. Economic Growth Revised Down to 2.2% Rate (2018)
  263. U.S. Economy Seen Strong in 2018, to Slow in 2019 | CBO
  264. U.S. Economy: Facts, Definitions, Influences
  265. U.S. Economic Outlook for 2021 and Beyond
  266. U.S. Economy News | NPR
  267. U.S. Inflation Rate
  268. U.S. National Debt Figure
  269. U.S. Trade Agreements and Currency Manipulation
  270. U.S. Consumer Price Index - September 2022
  271. U.S. Trade-Case Win Against China Contributes to Tensions.
  272. U.S. vs. China: Battle to Be the Largest Economy in the World
  273. U.S.-China Trade War and Its Global Impacts
  274. The U.S. Economy in the 1920s.
  275. ASEAN 50 Years On: Success or Failure?
  276. Global Financial Stability Report
  277. World Bank: Global Economy Is Healthy But Growth Will Slow
  278. The Transatlantic Economy
  279. Japan's Economy Shrinks After Two-year Run of Growth
  280. Estimating the Genotypic Intelligence of Populations and Assessing the Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and Migrations.
  281. Status of the Social Security and Medicare Programs - The 2016 Summary Report and the Full Report
  282. Historical Background and Development of Social Security.
  283. Brexit Consequences: For UK, EU, and U.S. How Brexit Will Affect You.
  284. Aid to Needy Often Excludes the Poorest in America.
  285. Once More, Economy Exhibits Weakness.
  286. The Minimum Wage - What You Didn't Miss.
  287. Country Tax Rates
  288. A Cold Start for the U.S. Economy
  289. The Invention of 'The Economy'.
  290. From Rich to Richer – The Rise of the Top 1%'.
  291. Consumer Sentiment in U.S. Increases on Outlook for Economy.
  292. U.S. Economy Weather Impact Narrative Getting Confusing.
  293. Occupy Was Right: Capitalism Has Failed the World.
  294. The Poor Might’ve Been Hardest Hit by the Housing Crisis, But the Rich Complain Most
  295. All Currencies Are an Inverse Pyramid Based on the Dollar.
  296. Finance and the Good Society.
  297. A Window of (Economy) Opportunity for Europe | McKinsey
  298. Stock Market Forecast 2014 Crash or Rally? Drone Wars and the Nuclear Apocalypse.
  299. American's Asleep at the Wheel Driving Into Debt Slavery
  300. Writing the "The Market for 'Lemons'": A Personal and Interpretive Essay
  301. The Positive Economics of 'Leaning In'
  302. The Price Is Wrong - Why Brazil Offers Appalling Value for Money.
  303. Capital Shortfall: A New Approach to Ranking and Regulating Systemic Risks.
  304. Explaining the World Through Macroeconomic Analysis.
  305. Dead Left
  306. Forecasts from Around the World
  307. Papua New Guinea Economic Briefing
  308. War, Terror, Catastrophe: Profiting from 'Disaster Capitalism'
  309. A Contrarian Wish List for the Economy.
  310. A Look at 30 Years of U.S. Minimum Wage [Interactive].
  311. Change in Negotiators Shakes up U.S.-China Trade Policy.
  312. America's Mid-20th-Century Infrastructure.
  313. Off the Charts: Among the Best Presidents or the Worst, in Economic Terms.
  314. The End of the World as We Know It.
  315. The State and the Market: An Institutionalist and Relational Take
  316. The Blackmailer Paradox - Game Theory and Negotiations with Arab Countries.
  317. East Asia & Pacific on the Rise
  318. United States Economy at a Glance
  319. With Unemployment Insurance, Is 99 Weeks the Magic Number?
  320. Bleakonomics
  321. Marital Status, the Safety Net and the Recession
  322. Trends and Forecasts U.S. Economy
  323. Free-Marketeering
  324. It's All a Grand Capitalist Conspiracy
  325. Generosity & Counterproductive
  326. Obama: Plan to Strengthen the Economy
  327. "Commodity Data" reported by U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
  328. Ecological Economics: Themes, Approaches, and Differences With Environmental Economics.
  329. Inside Economy
  330. Brexit and Beyond
  331. India Economy Watch
  332. Spain Economy: Facts, Population, Unemployment, GDP
  333. The Growth and Development of the Indonesian Economy
  334. Realizing Indonesia's Economic Potential
  335. Thailand Economic Monitor Reports | World Bank
  336. Thailand: Economic Outlook Report
  337. Thailand: Industrialization and Economic Catch-Up
  338. India Economy Analysis
  339. India's Great Slowdown: What Happened? What’s the Way Out?
  340. The Indian Economy Since Independence
  341. The Virtues of Investing in Transportation.
  342. East Asian and European Economic Integration.
  343. In the Shade of the Commons - Toward a Culture...
  344. Shadow Economies and Corruption all over the World.
  345. Shadow Economies of 145 Countries.
  346. Manufacturing in Africa Factors for Success
  347. The Rise of Asia and Strategic Questions for Europe
  348. The Interaction of Cultural and Economic Factors...
  349. The Macroeconomist as Scientist and Engineer.
  350. The Facts of Life & Marriage.
  351. Time Well Spent - The Declining Real Cost of Living in America.
  352. Saving Social Security: The Diamond-Orszag Plan.
  353. The Truth About Europe's Economic Problems
  354. Social Business Entrepreneurs Are the Solution.
  355. The Importance of Investment Promotion in the Poorest Countries
  356. The President's Council of Economic Advisers
  357. Deadly Flaws in Major Market Indicators.
  358. Great Depression in Australia.
  359. Great Depression in Canada.
  360. Great Depression in the United Kingdom.
  361. Great Depression in Chile.
  362. Great Depression in France.
  363. Great Depression in Latin America.
  364. Great Depression in the Netherlands.
  365. Great Depression in South Africa.
  366. Great Depression in the United States and New Deal.
  367. The Great Depression (1929-1939).
  368. Industrial Policy and Development in Ethiopia: Evolution and Present Experimentation
  369. Index of Economic Freedom.
  370. The Financial Crisis 2008 Explained in Simple Terms
  371. Comparisons Between the Great Recession and the Great Depression.
  372. The Shock Doctrine: The Rise of Disaster Capitalism
  373. Stock Market Crash of 1929: Black Tuesday Cause & Effects ...
  374. Stock Market Crash of 1929: Definition, Facts, Causes, Effects.
  375. Monetary Policy and the Great Crash of 1929.
  376. 3 Strategic Options to Deal with Inflation | hbr.org
  377. 4 Ways China Influences Global Economics.
  378. 4 Major Challenges the U.S. Economy Faces.
  379. 4 Factors Supporting the Global Economy
  380. 5 Things to Know About the Chinese Economy
  381. 5 Charts Explain Vietnam's Economic Outlook | IMF
  382. 5 Economic Reports That Affect the Euro
  383. 6 Facts About Economic Inequality in the U.S.
  384. 6 Trends to Watch for 2019 Stock Market
  385. 6 Economic Facts about Health Care and Health
  386. 7 Misconceptions About the Federal Reserve.
  387. 7 Reasons Putin Won't Give Up Ukraine.
  388. 8 Things About China's Economy.
  389. 10 Facts About the Early American Economy.
  390. 10 Signs American Families are Falling Behind.
  391. 10 Top Largest Economies in the World.
  392. 10 Top Economies in the World
  393. 10 Top Great Financial Crises
  394. 11 Mind-blowing Facts About the US Economy
  395. 11 Trends Dominated Manufacturing
  396. 20 Most Influential Living Economists
  397. 20 Surprising Facts About the U.S. Economy
  398. 20 Top Economies in the World
  399. 20 Surprising Facts About the U.S. Economy
  400. 50 Economic Numbers from 2011 ...
  401. 91 Most Important Economic Charts to Watch
  402. 100 Facts About the Economy
▷ History - Guides
  1. Introduction: The Sixteen-Page Economic History of the World
  2. A Brief History of Economics
  3. History and Urban Economics
  4. The Importance of History for Economic Development
  5. US Economic Crisis: Definition, History, Warning Signs, Outlook
  6. Causes and Effects of Economic Crisis in History
  7. The Importance of History for Economic Development
  8. Economic History of the United States
  9. Economic History of Britain
  10. Economic History of Spain.
  11. Economic History of Greece and the Greek World.
  12. Economic History of the Republic of Ireland.
  13. Economic History of Italy.
  14. Economic History of Portugal.
  15. Economic History of Industrialization in Cambodia
  16. History of New Zealand § Depression.
  17. Economic and Political History of Vietnam
  18. Social Security Trust Fund: History, Solvency, How to Fix It.
  19. The History of U.S. Public Debt.
  20. History of Inflation vs. Long-Term Interest Rates
  21. Financial Crises: Lessons from History.
  22. Brief History of the Gold Standard in the United States.
  23. Coronavirus: A Visual Guide to the Economic Impact
  24. A Guide to Recession
  25. A CFO’s Recession Survival Guide
▷ How, Who, What, When, Where, Which & Why
  1. How to Use Gross National Product as an Indicator
  2. How to Find the Best Parts of the Sharing Economy.
  3. How to Stop Currency Manipulation
  4. How to Feed the World in 2050
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  13. How the Trump Economy Compares to Economies under ...
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  16. How China Influences the U.S. Dollar
  17. How Does China Control Exchange Rates?
  18. How Does the Trump Economy Compare to Obama’s?
  19. How Much Do Supply and Demand Drive Inflation?
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  22. How Impact of Inflation 2022 Affects Daily Life and Small Businesses
  23. How Worried Should We Be If the Debt Ceiling Isn’t Lifted?
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  26. What Is Economics? | mps-al.org
  27. What Is Economy? - Foundation for Economic Education
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  34. What Is Inflation?
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  37. What Is the U.S. National Debt Ceiling?
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World Economic Outlook
Development Banks
Global Economy
Stimulus Packages
Asia & South Pacific
Africa & Middle East
Europe
North America
South America
Investment Banks

Unemployment Rate by Country (%)
(Source: World Bank)

     

    Country / Region 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013
     Afghanistan 11.7 7.2 7.3 8.8 8.8 8.8 8.7 8.4
     Albania 11.7 13.9 13.9 13.9 15.2 17.1 17.5 15.6
     Algeria 12.8 12.3 12.1 12.0 10.2 11.2 10.2 9.8
     American Samoa (U.S) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Andorra NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Anguilla (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Antigua and Barbuda NA NA NA NA NA NA 11.0 11.0
     Argentina 11.7 10.0 9.5 8.7 8.4 6.9 7.0 6.6
     Armenia 20.2 17.7 17.7 18.2 18.0 18.3 17.5 16.2
     Aruba (Netherlands) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Australia 6.6 5.3 5.4 5.7 5.7 6.1 6.0 5.7
     Austria 5.8 4.6 4.8 5.5 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.3
     Azerbaijan 6.3 5.4 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0
     Bahrain 4.1 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2
     Bangladesh 5.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4
     Barbados 12.8 9.6 9.6 9.7 9.7 11.4 12.1 11.6
     Belarus 5.3 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0
     Belgium 6.0 6.4 6.3 7.1 7.8 8.5 8.5 8.4
     Belize 7.8 9.5 9.4 9.0 7.9 10.0 11.6 11.7
     Bermuda NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Bhutan 3.7 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.9
     Bolivia 5.6 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.1 2.0 2.4
     Bosnia and Herzegovina 16.9 21.2 20.8 25.4 27.7 27.5 27.5 27.5
     Botswana 17.7 18.2 18.0 17.6 18.0 18.2 18.3 18.0
     Brazil 13.7 12.2 12.5 12.9 11.6 8.4 6.7 7.0
     British Virgin Is (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Brunei 8.4 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Bulgaria 5.7 4.8 5.3 6.2 7.6 9.1 11.4 13.0
     Burma (Myanmar) 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.2 0.8 0.8 0.8
     Cambodia 0.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3
     Cameroon 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.7
     Canada 9.5 6.1 5.9 6.3 7.0 6.9 6.9 7.1
     Cabe Verde NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 13.1
     Cayman Islands (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Central African Republic 4.3 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.6 6.8 6.9 6.9
     Chile 11.5 7.4 7.2 7.0 6.7 6.5 6.6 6.2
     China 5.0 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.6
     Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Colombia 15.4 9.2 9.1 8.9 8.7 8.3 8.6 9.1
     Comoros 8.4 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.2
     Cook Islands NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 13.1
     Costa Rica 17.1 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.6 9.0 9.1 8.8
     Croatia 7.2 NA NA 10.8 13.1 16.2 17.3 17.3
     Cuba 3.9 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.7 3.3
     Cyprus 7.2 7.9 8.1 11.0 13.0 15.0 16.0 15.9
     Czech Republic 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.9 4.0 5.0 6.1 7.0
     Denmark 5.7 4.8 5.0 5.7 6.2 6.2 6.6 7.0
     Djibouti 11.6 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.0 11.1 11.7 11.7
     Dominica NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Dominican Republic 8.9 5.8 5.8 5.8 7.3 7.6 6.7 7.4
     East Timor-Leste 5.1 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3
     Ecuador 6.2 4.0 3.9 3.8 4.6 3.6 3.5 3.1
     Egypt 10.4 11.3 11.4 11.8 12.4 13.1 13.1 13.2
     El Salvador 7.0 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.0 4.2 3.7
     Equatorial Guinea 9.1 NA NA NA NA NA 22.3 30.0
     Estonia 6.5 5.9 5.5 5.8 6.8 6.2 7.4 8.6
     European Union 7.4 7.2 7.0 7.2 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.2
     Faroe Islands (Denmark) NA NA NA NA NA NA3.1 5.9
     Fiji 4.8 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.4
     Finland 7.8 7.3 7.8 8.6 8.8 9.4 8.7 8.2
     France 8.6 9.1 9.2 9.4 10.1 10.4 10.3 9.9
     French Polynesia (France) 13.8 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.4 12.7 13.013.2
     Gabon 20.5 19.6 19.5 19.4 19.7 20.0 19.9 20.1
     West Bank & Gaza (Palestine) 27.4 29.9 30.2 27.4 26.9 25.8 27.023.4
     Georgia 12.1 14.2 14.1 13.9 14.0 14.1 14.6 16.9
     Germany 4.3 3.2 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.6 5.0 5.2
     Ghana 4.5 6.8 6.7 6.6 6.8 6.8 6.5 6.4
     Gibraltar (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Greece 16.9 18.1 19.2 21.5 23.5 24.9 26.5 27.5
     Greenland (Denmark) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Grenada NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Guam (United States) 7.5 5.9 5.6 5.2 5.4 6.9 7.611.5
     Guatemala 4.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.7 3.0
     Guernsey (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Guyana 15.8 12.2 12.1 12.1 12.3 12.6 12.4 12.3
     Honduras 9.4 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.7 4.6 5.5 4.1
     Hong Kong 5.8 2.8 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.4
     Hungary 4.3 3.5 3.7 4.2 5.1 6.8 7.7 10.2
     Iceland 5.0 2.9 2.9 2.7 3.0 4.0 4.9 5.4
     India 7.1 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8
     Indonesia 4.1 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.0 4.3
     Iran 11.0 12.0 12.0 12.1 12.4 11.1 10.6 10.4
     Iraq 13.7 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.1 8.1 7.9 8.0
     Ireland 5.9 5.3 5.7 6.7 8.4 9.9 11.9 13.7
     Isle of Man NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Israel 4.6 3.9 3.9 4.2 4.8 5.2 5.9 6.2
     Italy 9.3 9.2 10.2 11.2 11.7 11.9 12.7 12.1
     Jamaica 8.4 9.5 9.4 12.7 13.2 13.5 13.7 15.3
     Japan 3.0 2.4 2.4 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.6 4.0
     Jersey (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Jordan 18.5 14.9 15.0 14.9 15.3 13.1 11.9 12.6
     Kazakhstan 6.1 5.4 4.8 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.2
     Kenya 3.0 9.3 9.3 9.3 9.6 9.7 9.8 9.8
     Kiribati NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Kosovo NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Kuwait 6.8 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.9 2.7
     Kyrgyzstan 7.9 7.4 7.2 6.9 7.2 7.6 8.0 8.3
     Laos 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7
     Latvia 8.2 8.2 7.9 8.7 9.6 9.9 10.8 11.9
     Lebanon 6.6 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.4
     Lesotho 24.6 23.5 23.6 23.6 24.2 24.3 24.3 24.6
     Libya 19.4 17.3 17.3 12.2 16.2 16.1 17.1 18.3
     Liechtenstein NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Lithuania 8.4 6.6 6.0 7.1 7.9 9.1 10.7 11.8
     Luxembourg 7.0 5.4 5.5 5.5 6.3 6.7 5.9 5.8
     Macao 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.81.7 1.8
     North Macedonia 18.4 21.6 21.6 22.4 23.7 26.1 28.0 29.0
     Malaysia 4.6 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.1 2.9 3.1
     Mali 7.5 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.7 7.7 6.4 7.3
     Malta 4.1 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.7 5.4 5.8 6.4
     Marshall Islands NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Mauritania 10.7 10.3 10.3 10.3 10.4 10.8 10.1 10.0
     Mauritius 7.1 6.9 6.9 6.8 6.8 7.4 7.5 7.3
     Mayotte (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Mexico 4.7 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.9 4.3 4.8 4.9
     Micronesia NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Moldova 4.7 3.7 3.4 4.1 4,2 3.7 3.9 5.1
     Monaco NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Mongolia 4.3 6.4 6.3 6.4 7.2 4.9 4.8 4.2
     Montenegro 15.9 15.8 15.5 16.1 17.7 17.5 18.0 19.5
     Montserrat (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA 6.0
     Morocco 10.1 9.0 9.0 9.1 9.3 9.5 9.7 9.2
     Mozambique 3.4 3,2 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.2
     Namibia 20.4 23.2 23.1 23.1 23.4 20.8 18.5 19.0
     Nauru NA NA NA NA NA NA 23.0 NA
       Nepal 4.4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5
     Netherlands 4.1 3.8 3.9 4.8 6.0 6.9 7.4 7.2
     Netherlands Antilles (Netherlands) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     New Caledonia (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     New Zealand 4.6 4.8 4.5 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.3
     Nicaragua 5.8 4.9 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.3
     Nigeria 9.0 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.2 5.3 4.4 3.7
     North Korea 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7
     Northern Mariana Islands (U.S.) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Norway 4.6 4.0 3.9 4.2 4.7 4.3 3.5 3.4
     Niue NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Pakistan 4.7 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 1.8 3.0
     Palau NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Panama 10.2 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.3 3.0 2.7 2.3
     Papua New Guinea 2.7 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7
     Paraguay 7.6 4.7 4.7 4.6 5.3 4.6 5.0 4.4
     Peru 6.2 2.9 2.8 3.5 3.5 3.0 3.0 3.2
     Philippines 3.4 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.6 3.5
     Poland 3.5 3.3 3.7 4.9 6.2 7.5 9.0 10.3
     Portugal 7.2 6.1 6.9 8.7 11.0 12.4 13.9 16.2
     Puerto Rico (US) 11.2 11.2 11.4 10.8 11.8 12.0 13.914.3
     Qatar 3.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3
     Romania 4.8 4.2 4.3 4.9 5.9 6.8 6.8 7.1
     Russia 5.7 4.5 4.7 5.2 5.6 5.6 5.2 5.5
     Saint Helena (UK) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Saint Kitts and Nevis NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Saint Lucia 17.1 20.5 20.9 20.8 21.3 24.1 23.2 22.2
     Saint Pierre and Miquelon (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 20.3 19.7 19.8 19.7 20.1 20.2 19.7 19.7
     San Marino NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Saudi Arabia 8.2 5.9 5.9 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.7
     Senegal 7.1 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.6 6.8 7.6 8.5
     Serbia 9.1 13.5 13.5 13.5 15.3 17.9 19.2 22.1
     Singapore 5.2 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.1 3.8 3.7 3.9
     Slovakia 6.8 6.4 6.8 8.1 9.7 11.5 13.2 14.2
     Slovenia 5.2 5.5 5.5 6.6 8.0 9.0 9.7 10.1
     South Africa 28.7 27.3 27.0 27.3 26.6 25.2 24.9 24.6
     South Korea 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.1
     Spain 15.7 14.7 15.5 17.2 19.6 22.1 24.4 26.1
     Sri Lanka 4.8 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.4
     Sudan 12.7 13.0 12.9 12.8 13.0 13.2 12.2 13.3
     Suriname 8.6 7.4 7.7 7.6 7.3 7.2 6.9 6.6
     Swaziland/Eswatini 23.0 22.9 22.5 22.3 22.7 23.6 24.5 25.4
     Sweden 8.4 6.8 6.4 6.7 7.0 7.4 7.9 8.0
      Switzerland 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.8 4.7
     Syria 9.0 8.2 8.1 8.0 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.7
     Taiwan 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.1
     Tajikistan 7.5 11.1 11.0 10.7 11.0 11.4 11.6 11.8
     Thailand 1.0 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5
     The Bahamas 14.4 11.5 11.9 12.4 12.7 12.0 13.8 16.2
     Tonga 4.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
     Trinidad and Tobago 6.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 3.0 2.2 2.2 2.5
     Tunisia 16.7 16.0 15.1 15.2 15.5 15.4 15.5 15.5
     Turkey 13.9 11.9 10.9 10.8 10.8 10.2 9.9 8.7
     Turkmenistan 4.4 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.9 4.0
     Turks and Caicos Islands NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
     Ukraine 9.5 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.4 9.1 9.3 7.2
     United Arab Emirates 5.0 2.6 2.6 12.5 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3
     United Kingdom 4.3 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.8 5.3 6.1 7.5
     United States 8.3 3.7 3.9 4.4 4.9 5.3 6.2 7.4
     Uruguay 12.7 7.9 8.0 7.9 7.8 7.5 6.5 6.4
     Uzbekistan 6.0 5.5 5.2 5.0 5.2 5.2 5.1 4.9
     Vanuatu 2.0 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.7 5.5 5.9 6.0
     Venezuela 9.1 9.1 8.4 7.4 7.5 6.8 6.9 7.5
     Vietnam 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.3
     U.S. Virgin Islands (U.S) 11.8 8.4 8.4 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.29.4
     Wallis and Futuna (France) NA NA NA NA NA NANA NA
     West Bank 27.4 29.9 30.2 27.4 26.9 25.9 27.0 23.4
     Yemen 13.4 12.8 12.9 13.2 13.5 14.0 13.5 13.5
     Zambia 12.2 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.8
     Zimbabwe 5.7 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.2 5.4 5.5 5.6

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (Nominal) (millions of $)
Country
(Selected)
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
  1. United States
  2. China
  3. Japan
  4. Germany
  5. France
  6. United Kingdom
  7. Brazil
  8. Russia
  9. Italy
  10. India
  11. Canada
  12. Australia
  13. Spain
  14. Mexico
  15. Korea, South
  16. Indonesia
  17. Turkey
  18. Netherlands
  19. Saudi Arabia
  20. Switzerland
  21. Iran
  22. Sweden
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Belgium
  26. Argentina
  27. Austria
  28. Thailand
  29. South Africa
  30. U.A.E
  31. Venezuela
  32. Colombia
  33. Denmark
  34. Malaysia
  35. Singapore
  36. Chile
  37. Nigeria
  38. Egypt
  39. Philippines
  40. Greece
  41. Finland
  42. Israel
  43. Pakistan
  44. Portugal
  45. Ireland
  46. Algeria
  47. Peru
  48. Kazakhstan
  49. Czech Republic
  50. Qatar
  51. Kuwait
  52. Ukraine
  53. New Zealand
  54. Romania
  55. Vietnam
  56. Iraq
  57. Bangladesh
  58. Hungary
  59. Angola
  60. Morocco
  $20,807,269
$14,860,775
$4,910,580
$3,780,553
$2,551,451
$2,638,296
$1,363,767
$1,464,078
$1,848,222
$2,592,583
$1,600,264
$1,334,688
$1,247,464
$1,040,372
$1,586,786
$1,088,768
$649,436
$886,339
$680,897
$707,868
$610,662
$529,054
$366,386
$580,894
$503,416
$382,760
$432,894
$509,200
$282,588
$353,899
$48,610
$264,933
$339,626
$336,330
$337,451
$245,414
$442,976
$361,875
$367,362
$194,376
$267,856
$383,425
$276,200
$221,716
$399,064
$147,323
$195,761
$165,730
$241,975
$147,791
$108,656
$142,250
$193,545
$248,624
$340,602
$178,112
$317,768
$149,939
$62,724
$112,220
$21,433,226
$14,342,903
$5,081,770
$3,861,124
$2,715,518
$2,829,108
$1,839,758
$1,699,877
$2,003,576
$2,868,929
$1,736,426
$1,396,567
$1,393,491
$1,268,871
$1,646,739
$1,119,191
$761,425
$907,051
$792,967
$703,082
$603,779
$530,884
$403,336
$595,858
$533,097
$445,445
$445,075
$543,549
$351,432
$421,142
$134,960
$323,616
$350,104
$364,681
$372,063
$282,318
$448,120
$303,092
$376,796
$209,853
$269,296
$394,652
$278,222
$238,785
$388,699
$171,091
$226,848
$181,666
$250,681
$175,838
$134,629
$153,781
$206,929
$250,077
$261,921
$234,094
$302,571
$163,469
$88,816
$119,700
$20,494,050
$13,841,901
$4,971,929
$4,000,386
$2,775,252
$2,828,644
$1,868,184
$1,630,659
$2,072,201
$2,716,746
$1,711,387
$1,418,275
$1,425,865
$1,223,359
$1,619,424
$1,022,454
$766,428
$912,899
$782,483
$700,000
$452,275
$551,135
$434,937
$586,015
$533,153
$518,092
$457,637
$487,239
$368,135
$424,635
$98,468
$333,114
$350,874
$354,348
$361,109
$298,172
$397,270
$249,559
$330,846
$219,097
$275,321
$369,843
$312,570
$238,510
$372,695
$180,441
$225,203
$170,539
$242,052
$192,450
$141,050
$124,603
$203,404
$239,851
$241,272
$226,070
$287,630
$155,703
$121.693
$118,309
$19,485,400
$12,062,281
$4,859,951
$3,700,613
$2,587,682
$2,639,974
$2,053,208
$1,578,417
$1,946,888
$2,652,245
$1,650,187
$1,386,357
$1,316,951
$1,158,229
$1,530,751
$1,015,292
$851,521
$832,239
$688,586
$676,000
$430,709
$535,607
$399,489
$526,594
$495,757
$642,928
$417,672
$455,322
$349,433
$382,575
$143,841
$311,796
$329,866
$314,708
$336,679
$277,668
$376,361
$236,528
$313,595
$203,493
$252,809
$353,268
$304,952
$219,748
$331,597
$167,555
$214,128
$162,887
$215,914
$166,929
$119,533
$112,125
$200,317
$211,407
$220,376
$193,521
$262,077
$139,761
$122,124
$109,824

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (millions of $)
Country
(Selected)
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
  1. United States
  2. China
  3. Japan
  4. Germany
  5. France
  6. United Kingdom
  7. Brazil
  8. Russia
  9. Italy
  10. India
  11. Canada
  12. Australia
  13. Spain
  14. Mexico
  15. Korea, South
  16. Indonesia
  17. Turkey
  18. Netherlands
  19. Saudi Arabia
  20. Switzerland
  21. Iran
  22. Sweden
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Belgium
  26. Argentina
  27. Austria
  28. Thailand
  29. South Africa
  30. U.A.E
  31. Venezuela
  32. Colombia
  33. Denmark
  34. Malaysia
  35. Singapore
  36. Chile
  37. Nigeria
  38. Egypt
  39. Philippines
  40. Greece
  41. Finland
  42. Israel
  43. Pakistan
  44. Portugal
  45. Ireland
  46. Algeria
  47. Peru
  48. Kazakhstan
  49. Czech Republic
  50. Qatar
  51. Kuwait
  52. Ukraine
  53. New Zealand
  54. Romania
  55. Vietnam
  56. Iraq
  57. Bangladesh
  58. Hungary
  59. Angola
  60. Morocco
$18,624,450
$11,221,836
$4,949,272
$3,479,232
$2,466,472
$2,660,687
$1,793,066
$1,283,286
$1,860,152
$2,273,556
$1,535,768
$1,264,944
$1,237,766
$1,076,914
$1,411,042
$932,445
$863,390
$777,548
$644,935
$640,765
$404,447
$514,460
$371,064
$471,216
$468,148
$554,107
$390,961
$411,847
$295,678
$348,743
$236,116
$279,987
$306,900
$296,536
$296,966
$250,008
$405,442
$332,484
$304,906
$192,770
$238,776
$351,748
$278,592
$205,269
$304,499
$159,049
$195,432
$133,668
$195,305
$152,469
$110,873
$93,263
$185,380
$187,807
$201,309
$171,716
$235,623
$129,144
$95,337
$103,607
$18,120,700
$11,226,186
$4,379,868
$3,377,310
$2,434,787
$2,863,304
$1,801,482
$1,365,865
$1,825,820
$2,089,867
$1,552,808
$1,229,938
$1,193,556
$1,152,266
$1,382,764
$861,143
$859,449
$758,381
$654,270
$575,000
$375,404
$495,694
$386,579
$477,328
$455,219
$631,621
$377,157
$399,205
$314,732
$357,949
$260,089
$291,530
$301,308
$296,434
$296,835
$242,537
$493,841
$332,075
$292,774
$194,958
$232,556
$375,094
$271,050
$199,182
$290,241
$164,779
$192,391
$184,388
$186,830
$164,641
$114,079
$90,939
$173,347
$177,524
$191,288
$179,838
$208,695
$121,660
$102,962
$100,593
$17,393,100
$10,534,526
$4,848,733
$3,885,440
$2,843,673
$3,002,394
$2,456,054
$2,063,663
$2,155,153
$2,033,652
$1,792,883
$1,449,336
$1,378,042
$1,298,404
$1,411,334
$891,051
$934,072
$881,033
$756,350
$561,000
$414,965
$573,818
$498,340
$545,053
$532,607
$563,614
$439,073
$406,521
$351,571
$401,958
$215,296
$378,323
$352,297
$338,073
$308,155
$260,954
$568,496
$305,567
$284,829
$236,455
$273,042
$354,767
$244,361
$229,995
$255,896
$213,518
$203,021
$221,416
$207,818
$206,225
$162,695
$132,343
$199,028
$199,543
$185,759
$255,534
$183,966
$139,295
$126,777
$109,881
$16,691,500
$9,635,025
$5,155,716
$3,753,687
$2,809,390
$2,721,489
$2,471,718
$2,230,624
$2,131,157
$1,857,237
$1,842,627
$1,509,639
$1,362,202
$1,261,983
$1,305,605
$916,646
$950,328
$866,951
$746,647
$551,000
$379,436
$578,742
$522,746
$524,382
$520,254
$611,471
$428,382
$420,529
$367,772
$388,598
$228,017
$380,170
$343,584
$323,276
$302,511
$278,340
$514,965
$288,007
$271,836
$239,937
$270,065
$327,318
$231,218
$226,144
$238,991
$209,703
$197,866
$236,635
$209,402
$198,728
$174,179
$179,572
$186,810
$191,560
$170,444
$234,638
$161,297
$134,680
$124,912
$106,826
$16,155,250
$8,570,348
$6,203,213
$3,545,946
$2,682,901
$2,655,458
$2,464,053
$2,170,145
$2,073,971
$1,828,120
$1,824,289
$1,561,052
$1,336,685
$1,186,602
$1,222,807
$919,002
$873,696
$829,406
$735,975
$452,000
$382,017
$543,881
$509,705
$500,836
$498,160
$579,666
$407,677
$397,560
$396,346
$373,432
$331,457
$369,430
$327,149
$314,443
$289,168
$267,026
$460,952
$278,769
$250,092
$245,807
$256,849
$303,640
$224,384
$216,488
$225,799
$209,005
$189,024
$207,999
$207,376
$186,834
$174,066
$175,707
$175,062
$171,662
$155,483
$218,032
$141,705
$127,321
$115,342
$98,266

Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) per Capita &
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (in USD) (2012)
Country
(Top 60)
World Bank
(PPP in $)
IMF
(PPP in $)
CIA
(PPP in $)
GDP
(Millions of $)
  1. United States
  2. China
  3. Japan
  4. Germany
  5. France
  6. United Kingdom
  7. Brazil
  8. Russia
  9. Italy
  10. India
  11. Canada
  12. Australia
  13. Spain
  14. Mexico
  15. Korea, South
  16. Indonesia
  17. Turkey
  18. Netherlands
  19. Saudi Arabia
  20. Switzerland
  21. Iran
  22. Sweden
  23. Norway
  24. Poland
  25. Belgium
  26. Argentina
  27. Austria
  28. Thailand
  29. South Africa
  30. U.A.E
  31. Venezuela
  32. Colombia
  33. Denmark
  34. Malaysia
  35. Singapore
  36. Chile
  37. Nigeria
  38. Egypt
  39. Philippines
  40. Greece
  41. Finland
  42. Israel
  43. Pakistan
  44. Portugal
  45. Ireland
  46. Algeria
  47. Peru
  48. Kazakhstan
  49. Czech Republic
  50. Qatar
  51. Kuwait
  52. Ukraine
  53. New Zealand
  54. Romania
  55. Vietnam
  56. Iraq
  57. Bangladesh
  58. Hungary
  59. Angola
  60. Morocco
$49,965
$9,233
$35,178
$40,901
$36,104
$36,901
$11,909
$23,501
$33,111
$3,876
$42,533
$44,598
$32,682
$16,731
$30,801
$4,956
$18,348
$43,198
$31,729
$53,367
$11,395
$43,180
$65,640
$22,162
$39,788
$12,034
$44,208
$9,820
$11,440
$42,080
$13,485
$10,583
$42,086
$17,143
$61,803
$22,352
$2,661
$6,724
$4,410
$25,331
$38,655
$31,869
$2,891
$25,411
$43,592
$8,515
$10,932
$13,917
$26,590
$83,460
$45,455
$7,421
$32,219
$16,518
$3,635
$4,246
$1,883
$22,119
$6,105
$5,192
$51,714
$9,055
$35,885
$38,666
$35,292
$36,569
$11,747
$17,518
$29,812
$3,843
$42,317
$41,954
$30,058
$15,363
$31,950
$4,923
$14,812
$41,527
$30,477
$44,864
$12,986
$40,304
$54,397
$20,562
$37,459
$17,917
$41,908
$9,503
$11,281
$29,176
$13,480
$10,671
$37,324
$16,794
$60,799
$18,211
$2,697
$6,474
$4,380
$24,260
$35,771
$33,878
$3,056
$23,047
$40,716
$7,268
$10,596
$13,526
$27,000
$100,889
$39,874
$7,295
$29,481
$12,722
$3,788
$7,004
$1,963
$19,497
$6,092
$5,193
$50,700
$9,300
$36,900
$39,700
$36,100
$37,500
$12,100
$18,000
$30,600
$3,900
$43,400
$43,300
$31,100
$15,600
$32,800
$5,100
$42,900
$49,965
$31,800
$46,200
$13,300
$41,900
$55,900
$20,900
$38,500
$18,400
$43,100
$10,300
$11,600
$49,800
$13,800
$11,000
$38,300
$17,200
$61,400
$18,700
$2,800
$6,700
$4,500
$24,900
$37,000
$32,800
$2,900
$23,800
$42,600
$7,600
$10,900
$14,100
$27,600
$103,900
$40,500
$7,500
$30,200
$13,000
$3,600
$7,200
$2,100
$20,000
$6,500
$5,400
$16,244,600
$8,358,400
$5,960,180
$3,425,956
$2,611,221
$2,417,600
$2,254,109
$2,029,812
$2,013,392
$1,875,213
$1,821,445
$1,564,419
$1,322,126
$1,183,655
$1,129,598
$878,043
$788,299
$770,067
$711,050
$631,183
$551,588
$523,804
$499,667
$489,852
$483,402
$477,028
$394,458
$385,694
$384,313
$383,799
$369,813
$314,889
$304,726
$276,520
$268,314
$262,545
$254,671
$250,182
$248,941
$247,389
$241,069
$215,117
$212,139
$210,638
$207,021
$204,681
$202,656
$196,446
$192,402
$192,402
$183,219
$176,309
$171,256
$169,396
$155,820
$149,370
$127,195
$124,600
$116,308
$95,992

U.S. Economy Index
(Sources: Brookings; bea.gov)

2009       2010       2011      
General Welfare Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
GDP Growth (%) -6.4 -0.7 2.2 5.6 3.2 - 2.5 2.3 0.4 1.3 1.8 2.8
Unemployment Rate (%) - Monthly 8.2 9.3 9.7 10 9.7 9.6 9.6 9.6 9 9 9.1 8.7
Inflation Rate (%) - Monthly -2.2 1.9 3.7 2.6 1.5 2.4 1.4 2.6 5.2 4.1 3.1 3.1
Personal Income (%) - Detail           2.3 1.5 1.2 0.6 -1.7 -1.2
Consumer Spending (%) - Detail 0.6 -0.9 2.8 1.6 3.6 2.5 2.6 3.6 2.1 0.7 1.7 2
Export (%) -29.9 -4.1 17.8 22.8 5.8 - 19.3 17.4 18 17.5 17.4 17.5
Import (%) -36.4 -14.7 21.3 15.8 8.9 - 23.7 15.7 18.7 16.5 13.9 14
Oil Price per Barrel ($) - Monthly 34.74 51.81 59.98 67.73 70.26 69.89 75.14 90.61 110.83 107.82 103.17 99
Interest Rate: 30-Year Mortgage (%) 5.00 5.42 5.06 4.93 4.97 - 4.4 4.7 4.8 4.5 4.1 4
Supply of New Homes in Month (%)           8.5 7.9 7.3 6.6 6.6 6.1
Home Price Change (%) -20.9 -9.5 8.8 3.4 2.1 - - - - - - -
Dow Jones Industrial Average 7609 8447 9712 10428 10857 - - 11578 12320 12414 10913 12218
Yield On Investment-Grade Bonds % 8.42 7.50 6.31 6.37 6.27 - - - - - - -
Interest Rate: 10-Yr Treasury Bonds 2.28 3.72 3.40 3.59 3.73 - - - - - - -
Foreclosure Rate - All Loans (%) 1.4 1.4       - - - - - - -
FDIC Bank Failures 21 24 50 45 41 - - - - - - -
Outstanding Consumer Credit (%) -3.9 -4.8 -3.1 -6.1 0.4 - - - - - - -
U.S. Combat Fatalities 83 101 158 76 79 - 176 141 87 156 158 70
Approval Rating of The President % 63 63 54 51 49 47 45 46 48 47 42 42
Approval Rating of Congress (%) 30 35 31 24 19 18 19 17 20 19 15 12

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