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This Month in History

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1 2003 - The space shuttle Columbia was disintegrated as it tried to reenter the Earth's atmosphere after a sixteen-day mission in space; all seven members of the crew were dead.
1979 - Ayatollah Khomeini returns to Iran
1979 - Gen Nguyen Ngoc Loan, Saigon's police chief, shoots to the head of a Viet Cong officer, and the image captured in a famous news photograph.
1946 - The first electronic digital computer, ENIAC, is announced at U of Penn
1929 - First Hollywood musical debuts
1898 - First auto insurance policy is issued
1893 - First movie studio is built
1884 - The first volume of the Oxford Dictionary is published
1861 - Texas withdraws
1790 - First session of the US Supreme Court is held in NYC
2 2003 - Czech Republic President Vaclav Havel steps down after 13 years.
1990 - South African President F. W. de Klerk lifts a ban on the African National Congress.
1982 - First day of Late Night with David Letterman show.
1962 - First US Air Force plane is crashed in Vietnam.
1923 - Lead gasoline is introduced in the market.
1887 - First Groundhog bus hits the road.
1880 - First electric streetlight is installed.
1876 - The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs is formed.
1848 - The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is signed; in which Mexico ceded to the US a huge portion of what is today California and New Mexico.
1536 - The city of Buenos Aires, Argentina, is founded by Spanish conquistador Pedro de Mendoza.
3 1995 - Col. Eileen Collins becomes the first woman to pilot the space shuttle.
1994 - Clinton ends Vietnam trade embargo.
1966 - Lunik 9 soft-lands on the moon.
1950 - Klaus Fuchs arrested for passing atomic bomb info.
1924 - President Woodrow Wilson dies.
1917 - US breaks diplomatic relations with Germany.
1913 - The 16th Amendment, establishing federal income tax, is ratified.
1690 - Paper currency is introduced.
1468 - Johann Gutenberg, German printer and inventor, died.
4 2004 - The Massachusetts Supreme Court declared that gays had the right to marry.
2003 - Yugoslavia is replaced by the loose federation of Serbia and Montenegro.
1969 - PLO is found
1962 - First U.S. helicopter is shot down in Vietnam
1948 - Sri Lanka gains independence from the United Kingdom.
1945 - Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin meet at the Yalta Conference.
1789 - George Washington is elected
5 1997 - Three of Switzerland's biggest banks create a fund worth 100 million Swiss francs for Holocaust victims and their families.
1994 - The last Soviet troops leave Kabul.
1988 - Noriega is indicted on U.S. drug charges.
1952 - First "Don't Walk" sign is installed
1917 - Congress passed the Immigration Act, which restricted Asian immigration, over President Wilson's veto.
1917 - Mexico adopts its present constitution.
1878 - First France's Citroen car is built.
6 1971 - Astronaut Alan B. Shepard hit a golf ball and Edgar Mitchell threw a "javelin" on the moon. They landed in the same crater and remain on the Moon today.
1954 - Mercedes 300SL debuts
1952 - Princess Elizabeth became Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain.
1933 - The 20th Amendment to the Constitution, which set the date for the president's inauguration on Jan. 20, is adopted.
1917 - German sub sinks U.S. passenger ship "California"
1911 - Ronald Reagan is born
1899 - A peace treaty, which ended the Spanish-American war between Spain and the US, is signed.
1804 - Joseph Priestley, British chemist, died; his work on the isolation of gases led him to discover oxygen in 1774.
1820 - Freed U.S. slaves departs back to Africa
1788 - Massachusetts becomes the sixth state to join the Union.
7 1999 - King Hussein of Jordan dies.
1992 - European Union is established.
1991 - Jean-Bertrand Aristide sworn in as first democratically-elected president of Haiti.
1990 - Soviets gives up monopoly on political power.
1984 - First human leaves Shuttle to fly in space.
1974 - The island of Grenada wind its independence from Britain.
1971 - Women in Switzerland were finally granted women the right to vote.
1968 - Forensic evidence for crime solving is introduced.
1904 - Disastrous fire destroyed more than 1,500 buildings in downtown Baltimore.
8 1924 - The first coast-to-coast radio broadcast takes place.
1924 - The first execution by lethal gas is carried out.
1904 - The Russo-Japanese War begins.
1887 - Dawes Severalty Act ends tribal control of reservations.
1870 - The National Weather Service was established under the U.S. Army Signal Corps.
1693 - College of William and Mary in Williamsburg, VA, becomes the second institution of higher learning in the US.
1587 - Mary Queen of Scots was beheaded.
9 1991 - Lithuanians voted overwhelmingly for independence from the Soviet Union.
1900 - Davis Cup competition is established.
1965 - First US combat troops is sent to South Vietnam.
1942 - Daylight saving time instituted.
1861 - Jefferson Davis is chosen as the president of the Confederate States of America.
10 1996 - IBM's computer, Deep Blue, beat the world chess champion, Garry Kasparov, in the first game of their match.
1970 - Avalanche buries skiers in France.
1967 - The 25th Amendment was ratified, establishing presidential succession..
1846 - Mormons begin exodus to Utah.
1763 - Treaty of Paris is signed, ending the French and Indian War. France cedes Canada and all its North American territories east of the Mississippi to Great Britain.
11 1990 - Nelson Mandela is released from prison after more than 27 years.
1989 - Avalanches plague central Europe.
1979 - Ayatollah Khomeini's followers seizes control of the Iran government.
1970 - Japan becomes the fourth country to put a satellite into orbit.
1937 - Simultaneous radio broadcast on all three networks.
1929 - The Lateran Treaty is signed, in which Italy recognizes the independence and sovereignty of Vatican City.
1809 - Robert Fulton is patented the steamboat.
12 2002 - Milosevic goes on trial for war crimes
1999 - Clinton's impeachment trial is ended (acquitted)
1972 - North Vietnam begins releasing U.S. POWs
1912 - Pu Yi, the last emperor of the Manchu (Ch'ing) dynasty in China, renounced his throne following the establishment of a republic under Sun Yat-sen.
1870 - The Utah Territory grants women the right to vote (revoked in 1887).
1818 - Chile formally proclaimed its independence from Spain.
1809 - Abraham Lincoln is born
13 1895 - Movie-camera projector is patented to French inventors
1633 - Galileo in Rome to face charges of his Copernican theory
14 1903 - US Dept. of Commerce and Labor are established
1929 - Penicillin is discovered
1884 - Theodore Roosevelt’s wife and mother die
15 1965 - Canada adopts maple leaf flag
1942 - Singapore falls to Japan
1934 - Federal Emergency Relief Admin is established
1812 - First Tiffany store is opened
16 1959 - Fidel Castro is sworn in as PM of Cuba
1923 - Archaeologist opens tomb of King Tut (Egypt)
17 1979 - China invades Vietnam
1947 - Voice of America begins broadcasts to Russia
1801 - President Thomas Jefferson is elected
18 1989 - Enzo Anselmo Ferrari, car designer legend, is born
1930 - Pluto, the ninth planet, is discovered
1929 - First Academy Awards is announced
19 1945 - Marines invade Iwo Jima
1843 - Nicolaus Copernicus, a modern astronomer, is born
1878 - Edison is patented for his phonograph invention
20 1962 - First orbital flight by an American astronaut
1937 - Legendary driver & designer Roger Penske is born
21 1972 - Nixon makes the first US presidential visit to China
1970 - Kissinger begins secret negotiations with N. VN
1965 - Malcolm X is assassinated
1948 - NASCAR was officially incorporated
1885 - Washington Monument is built
22 1967 - Suharto takes full power in Indonesia
1923 - The 1,000,000th Chevy was produced
1879 - Woolworth opens its five-cent store
1819 - The U.S. acquires Spanish Florida
1732 - George Washington is born
23 1954 - Children receive first polio vaccine
1945 - U.S. flag raised on Iwo Jima
1893 - Diesel engine is patented
24 1991 - Gulf War ground offensive begins
1968 - Hue city is recaptured from N. Vietnam
1927 - Fox demonstrates Movietone sound
1909 - Hudson Motor incorporated
1868 - President Andrew Johnson impeached
25 1984 - Explosion kills hundreds in Brazil
1986 - Marcos flees the Philippines
1948 - Communists take power in Czechoslovakia
1928 - FCC issues the first television license
1919 - Oregon, the first state, imposes a tax on gasoline
1870 - Hiram R. Revels, 1st African American congressman, is sworn in
26 1993 - World Trade Center is bombed
1984 - Last U.S. Marines leave Beirut
1968 - Vietnam War: Mass graves discovered in Hue
1965 - First South Korean troops arrive in Vietnam
1935 - The Pontiac "Indian Maiden" mascot was patented
27 1964 - Leaning Tower of Pisa needs help
1942 - U.S. aircraft carrier Langley is sunk
1936 - Shirley Temple receives $50,000 a film
28 1993 - ATF raids Branch Davidian compound
1953 - Watson & Crick discover chemical structure of DNA
1932 - The last of five million Ford Model A is produced
1861 - Congress creates Colorado Territory
29 1960 - Earthquake devastates Moroccan city
1908 - Cadillac standardization is tested
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